| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索在遗传改良过程中水稻植株叶片全氮含量的变化及其与净光合速率的关系，明确其在不同年代的变化趋势。【方法】以吉林省1958－2005年育成的33个水稻品种为材料，用凯氏定氮法测定植株叶片全氮含量，用LI 6400型光合测定系统测定功能叶片净光合速率，研究在遗传改良过程中吉林省不同年份育成水稻品种叶片全氮含量与其光合特性的协同进化规律。【结果】随着水稻品种育成年代的推进，叶片全氮含量、叶绿素含量、比叶重、净光合速率均呈增加趋势，而氮素光合利用效率则呈降低趋势；在抽穗期和抽穗后10 d，叶片全氮含量与育成年代分别呈极显著或显著正相关；在抽穗期30 d，叶绿素含量与育成年代呈极显著正相关；在抽穗期和抽穗后10 d，比叶重与育成年代分别呈极显著或显著正相关；在抽穗后10 d，净光合速率与育成年代呈显著正相关；而在抽穗期和抽穗后10 d，氮素光合利用效率与育成年代呈极显著负相关；抽穗期水稻叶片全氮含量与产量呈极显著正相关。【结论】水稻品种遗传改良过程中,植株叶片氮含量和净光合速率都得到了显著提高，但叶片氮含量的增加幅度明显大于净光合速率的增长，因此在品种改良过程中应注重叶片净光合速率的提高。 |
| 关键词: 水稻 叶片全氮含量 净光合速率 氮素光合利用效率 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31171478)；吉林省科技厅重点资助项目（20080201）；吉林省自然科学基金项目(201215183)；吉林省教育厅重点项目（2012044） |
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| Changes of nitrogen content in leaf and its correlation with net photosynthetic rate of rice cultivars in different years |
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CUI Jingjing,XU Kezhang,WU Zhihai,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The change of nitrogen content in leaves and relationship with net photosynthetic rate of rice cultivars were investigated to understand the trend in different years.【Method】Plant leaves nitrogen content and photosynthetic characteristics of 33 rice varieties during 1958 to 2005 in Jilin were detected by Kjeldahl method and photosynthesis LI 6400 system to understand the collaborative evolutionary of leaf nitrogen content and the photosynthetic characteristics during genetic improvement of breeding rice varieties.【Result】Leaf nitrogen content,chlorophyll content,specific leaf weight,and net photosynthetic rate increased as the development of rice varieties,but photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency decreased.During heading stage and 10 days after heading,the correlation of leaf nitrogen content and breeding year was extremely significantly or significantly positive.With in 30 days after heading,correlation between chlorophyll content and breeding year was significantly positive.At heading stage and 10 days after heading,highly significantly or significantly positive correlation was observed between specific leaf weight and breeding year.With in 10 days after heading,the net photosynthetic rate and breeding year had significant positive correlation.During heading state and 10 days after heading,photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency and breeding year had significant negative correlation and yield and leaf nitrogen content had extremely significantly or significantly positive correlation.【Conclusion】During the improvement of rice,both nitrogen content in plant leaves and net photosynthetic rate were significantly improved,and the increase of nitrogen content was larger.Therefore,attention should be paid to the improvement of leaf net photosynthetic rate. |
| Key words: rice nitrogen content in leaf net photosynthetic rate photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency |
