| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨钾肥对番茄果实养分吸收及类胡萝卜素含量的影响。【方法】以“东圣T01”番茄为试材，设置5个钾肥处理（每株钾肥施用量分别为0,1.75，3.50，5.25 和7.00 g），于第一穗花开时统一进行滴灌追肥处理，测定番茄第一、二、三穗果的氮、磷、钾吸收量及类胡萝卜素（番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素）含量，分析钾肥处理对番茄每穗果的养分吸收及类胡萝卜素含量的影响关系。【结果】不同钾肥处理对番茄氮、磷吸收量的影响规律在每穗果间不一致，而钾吸收量均随钾肥用量增加总体呈上升趋势。番茄第一、二、三穗果的番茄红素含量均随钾肥用量增大总体呈显著减小趋势，且钾肥处理与各穗果的番茄红素含量间的相关系数与直接通径系数方向相同，均为负值；钾肥对番茄各穗果β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量影响无明显规律性，其中只有第一穗果的β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量随钾肥用量增大总体减小，第二、三穗果的β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量与钾肥处理的相关性并不显著，且通过氮、磷、钾吸收产生的总的间接通径系数绝对值大于直接通径系数。【结论】钾肥处理与番茄果实的番茄红素含量呈直接负相关，且相关程度随果穗数增加而减小；钾肥处理只与第一穗果的β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量显著负相关，对第二、三穗果的影响较小，且是通过影响养分吸收间接实现的。 |
| 关键词: 钾肥 番茄 养分吸收 类胡萝卜素 |
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| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-25-D-02）；陕西省农业系统专项资金项目 |
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| Effects of potassium fertilizer on nutrient absorption and carotenoids content of tomato fruits |
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ZHU Lanying,ZOU Zhirong,DU Tianhao,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to explore the effects of potassium fertilizer on nutrient absorption and carotenoids content of tomato fruits.【Method】 “Dongsheng T01” tomatos were tested with five potassium fertilizer treatments (potassium fertilizer amounts per plant were 0,1.75,3.50,5.25 and 7.00 g,respectively).When the first inflorescence bloomed,potassium fertilizer was applied using drip irrigation system.Then nitrogen absorption,phosphorus absorption,potassium absorption and carotenoids (lycopene,β-carotene,and lutein) contents of the first,second and third infructescences were measured to analyze the effects of potassium fertilizer treatments on nutrient absorption and carotenoids contents.【Result】The influence of potassium fertilizer treatments on nitrogen absorption and phosphorus absorption presented different trends among different tomato infructescences,while potassium absorption increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application amount.Lycopene contents of the first,second and third infructescences decreased significantly with the increase of potassium fertilizer.The directions of their correlation coefficients were negative,same as the direct path coefficients of potassium fertilizer treatments to lycopene content.Effects of potassium fertilizer on β-carotene and lutein contents had no regularity for every tomato infructescence.β-carotene and lutein contents of the first tomato infructescence decreased significantly with the increase of potassium fertilizer,while potassium treatments affected β-carotene and lutein contents of the second and third infructescences insignificantly.The absolute values of indirect path coefficients were bigger than those of direct path coefficients.【Conclusion】 There was direct negative correlation between potassium fertilizer treatments and lycopene content of tomato fruits,and the degree decreased gradually with the increase of infructescence number.Treatments had significant negative effects on β-carotene content,lutein content of the first infructescence,but rare effects on β-carotene and lutein contents of the second and third infructescences through affecting nutrient absorption. |
| Key words: Potassium fertilizer tomato nutrient absorption carotenoids |
