| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨不同生育时期短日照诱导对小豆籽粒品质的影响。【方法】以小豆早熟品种白红2号和晚熟品种唐山红小豆为试验材料，于出苗-分枝、分枝-开花和出苗-开花3个生育时期进行短日照（10 h光/14 h暗）诱导，研究其对小豆籽粒品质的影响。【结果】2个小豆品种出苗至开花和鼓粒至成熟期的时间均较对照（自然光照）提前，白红2号的处理Ⅰ（出苗-分枝）、处理Ⅱ（分枝-开花）开花至结荚期分别提前3和1 d，所需积温和累积日照时数减少，处理Ⅲ（出苗-开花）延迟1 d；唐山红小豆3个处理的开花至结荚期及2个品种结荚至鼓粒期的时间都延迟，所需积温和累积日照时数增加。白红2号各处理的籽粒长、籽粒宽、单粒质量、单粒体积及千粒质量较对照升高，但差异不显著；唐山红小豆处理Ⅱ（分枝-开花）的籽粒长、籽粒宽和单粒体积较对照稍有增加，其余处理都降低，单粒质量和千粒质量各处理都降低，其中处理Ⅰ（出苗-分枝）和处理Ⅲ（出苗-开花）与对照差异显著，处理Ⅱ（分枝-开花）与对照差异不显著。2个品种的发芽率较对照升高且晚熟品种更明显。经短日照处理后，2个小豆品种籽粒中的可溶性糖、蛋白和总氨基酸含量有不同程度的降低，白红2号的淀粉含量较对照升高，唐山红小豆降低，但差异均不显著；不同生育时期经短日照诱导后的累积日照时数与2个小豆品种籽粒中的可溶性糖和蛋白含量极显著正相关，与总氨基酸含量显著正相关，与白红2号籽粒中的淀粉含量达到显著相关，而与唐山红小豆籽粒中的淀粉含量相关性不显著。【结论】短日照诱导使2个小豆品种在不同生育时期的积温和累积日照时间不同，籽粒品质下降，分枝-开花这一生育时期对小豆籽粒品质的影响最大。 |
| 关键词: 小豆 短日照 积温 日照时数 籽粒品质 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31271653） |
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| Effects of short-day photoperiod on grain quality of adzuki bean |
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DONG Weixin,ZHANG Yanli,REN Shuai,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of short day photoperiod inducement at different growth stages on grain quality of adzuki beans.【Method】Early maturing variety of Baihong #2 and late maturing variety of Tangshan Hongxiaodou were used to study the effects of short-day photoperiod inducement (10 h light and 14 h dark) at seedling to branching stage,branching to flowering stage,and seedling to flowering stage on grain quality of adzuki beans.【Result】Short-day photoperiod inducement resulted in advance of seeding to flowering time and seed filling to maturity stage time of both varieties ahead.Treatment Ⅰ (seedling to branching stage) and treatment Ⅱ (branching to flowering stage) shorted the flowering to podding stage time of Baihong #2 by 3 d and 1 d,respectively.The required accumulated temperature and sunshine duration decreased.Treatment Ⅲ (seedling to flowering stage) delayed the period by 1 d.All three treatments delayed from flowering to podding stage of Tangshan Hongxiaodou and podding to seed filling stage of both varieties and required accumulated temperature and sunshine duration increased.Grain length,grain width,single grain weight,single grain volume and thousand-grain weight of Baihong #2 were increased with insignificant difference.Grain length,grain width,and single grain volume of Tangshan Hongxiaodou were increased by treatment Ⅱ while other treatments decreased these indexed.Treatments Ⅰ and Ⅲ caused significant difference in single grain weight and thousand grain weight.Germination rates of both varieties were increased and the late maturing variety had more significant effects.Soluble sugar,protein and total amino acid contents in adzuki bean seeds of both varieties decreased,the starch content of Baihong #2 increased while that of Tangshan Hongxiaodou decreased with insignificant difference.The cumulative sunshine duration of life in adzuki bean under different growth stages short-day photoperiod inducement had extremely significant positive correlation with soluble sugar and protein content,significant positive correlation with total amino acid content and significant correlation with starch content of Baihong #2.It had no significant correlation with starch content of Tangshan Hongxiaodou.【Conclusion】Required accumulated temperature and sunshine duration of two adzuki bean varieties were different at different growth stages under the treatment with short-day photoperiod inducement.Treatment Ⅱ (branching to flowering stage) had the largest effects on grain quality. |
| Key words: adzuki bean short day photoperiod accumulated temperature sunshine duration grain quality |
