| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究川藏高海拔地区金冠苹果品质与气象因子的关系，为该区域金冠苹果的合理区划、优质生产提供理论依据。【方法】于2012－2013年随机取川藏高海拔地区四川茂县、小金、盐源、康定及西藏林芝5个重要产地的金冠苹果果实，测定其品质(单果质量、果形指数、果实硬度及花青苷、可溶性固形物、总糖、总酸、VC含量)，同时收集5地2012和2013年金冠苹果果实发育主要时期各月(5－8月)及年主要气象资料(均温、平均昼夜温差、≥10 ℃积温、降雨量、日照时数)，采用相关性分析及回归分析研究果实品质与气象因子的关系，确定优质金冠苹果生产需要的主要气象因子最适值。【结果】金冠苹果在5个产地品质差异显著，在小金表现较好；8月均温、5－8月及年均昼夜温差、年降雨量、6－8月及年日照时数是影响该地区金冠苹果品质的主要气象因子；8月均温19.1－21.3 ℃，5、6、7、8月及年均昼夜温差分别为10.6－12.3，11.0，9.7，11.7－13.3和12.8 ℃，7月≥10 ℃积温约636.5 ℃，6月及年降雨量分别为169.4和637.1－787.9 mm，6、7、8月及年日照时数分别为154.3，174.6－200.8，153.5和2 405.6 h是金冠苹果在川藏高海拔地区表现优良的适宜气象因子。【结论】确定了川藏高海拔地区金冠苹果优质生产的气象条件。 |
| 关键词: 金冠苹果 果实品质 气象因子 川藏高海拔地区 |
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| 基金项目:国家苹果产业技术体系川西高原综合试验站资助项目(CARS-28）；四川省财政现代农业创新与示范专项（2014CXSF-014） |
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| Relationship between fruit quality of Golden Delicious apple and meteorological factors in high attitude area of Sichuan Tibet |
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CHENG Ji,XIE Hong-jiang,LIAO Ming-an,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the relationship between the quality of Golden Delicious apple and meteorological factors in high altitude area of Sichuan-Tibet to provide theoretical basis for agricultural zoning and high quality production.【Method】Fruit quality of apples from Maoxian,Xiaojin,Yanyuan,Kangding and Linzhi in high attitude area of Sichuan-Tibet were determined in 2012-2013.The correlation between fruit quality with mean temperature (MT),mean temperature diurnal range (MTDR),≥10 ℃ accumulated thermal units (≥10 ℃ ATU),amount of precipitation (AP) and sunshine hours (SH) from May to August and in annual were analyzed.Then the optimum values of the major meteorological factors were obtained.【Result】Golden Delicious apples had significant difference in 5 key production cities with the better in Xiaojin.The main meteorological factors affecting fruit quality were MT in August,MTDR from May to August and in annual,AP in annual and SH from June to August and in annual.The optimum meteorological factors were determined as 19.1－21.3 ℃ MT in August,10.6－12.3 ℃ MTDR in May,11.0 ℃ MTDR in June,9.7 ℃ MTDR in July,11.7－13.3 ℃ MTDR in August,12.8 ℃ MTDR in annual,636.5 ℃ ≥10 ℃ ATU in July,169.4 mm AP in June,637.1－787.9 mm AP in annual,154.3 h SH in June,174.6－200.8 h SH in July,153.5 h SH in august and 2 405.6 h SH in annual. 【Conclusion】The meteorological conditions for producing high-quality Golden Delicious apple in high attitude area of Sichuan-Tibet were confirmed. |
| Key words: Golden Delicious apple fruit quality meteorological factor high attitude area in Sichuan Tibet |
