| 摘要: |
| 【目的】调查八达岭林场野生药用植物资源现状，为野生药用植物的保护和利用提供理论依据。【方法】采取路线调查和重点区域取样调查相结合的方法，并通过走访和查阅文献等，对八达岭地区野生药用植物多样性进行分析。【结果】野生药用植物共有69科184属260种，其中蕨类植物3科3属4种，裸子植物2科3属8种，被子植物64科178属248种。在生活型多样性上，草本药用植物共有202种，占药用植物总种数的77.69%，木本药用植物共有58种，占药用植物总种数的22.31%。含2～5个种的科有35个，占有绝对优势，占总科数的50.72%，共有95种，占药用植物总种数的36.54%；含有1个种的属占有明显的优势，占总属数的73.37%，所含种数是135种，占药用植物总种数的51.92%。全草类、根及根茎类药用植物最多，分别占药用植物总种数的40.00%和33.85%，是八达岭地区药用植物主要药用部位。药用植物在阔叶林中的种类比在针叶林中多，大部分植被类型中，以草本层药用植物种类居多，而元宝槭纯林中则以灌木层药用植物居多。【结论】八达岭林场野生药用植物种类较多，药用功能丰富，在不同植被类型下呈多样性分布。 |
| 关键词: 八达岭林场 野生药用植物 多样性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:北京市财政专项（PXM2014-154309-000009，PXM2015-154309-000007） |
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| Diversity of wild medicinal plants in Badaling Forest Farm |
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WANG Ling,ZHANG Yu-jun,ZHAO Guang-liang
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the the resources of wild medicinal plants in Badaling Forest Farm to provide theoretical basis for protection and utilization of the resources in the district.【Method】Route survey and detailed investigation in key areas combined method together with interview and literature review were used to identify medical plants.【Result】There were 260 wild medicinal species belonging to 69 families and 184 genera,including 3 families,3 genera,4 species of Pteridophyte,2 families,3 genera,8 species of Gymnosperm,and 64 families,178 genera,248 species of Angiosperm.202 species were herbs accounting for 77.69% in the Badaling Forest Farm.58 species were woody plants with contribution of 22.31%.35 families had 2-5 species with dominate advantages,accounting for 50.72% of the total families.The total number was 95,accounting for 36.54% of total medical plants.The genera including 1 species with obvious advantages accounted for 73.37% of the total genera.The total number of species was 135,accounting for 51.92%.Whole herb species and rhizome species were 40.00% and 33.85%,respectively.Medicinal plants in broad leaved forest were more than in coniferous forest.Medicinal plant species in herb layer were the most while they were the most in shrub layer of truncatum forests.【Conclusion】There were many medical plants in Badaling Forest Farm with rich functions. |
| Key words: Badaling Forest Farm wild medicinal plants diversity |
