| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同粗纤维水平日粮对圩猪生长性能、肉品质以及血液生化指标的影响，以确定圩猪日粮的适宜粗纤维水平。【方法】选取24头体质量为(36.48±3.80) kg/头健康圩猪，随机分为3个处理组，每组8个重复，每重复公6母2。试验分为2个阶段：生长期（35～60 kg）和肥育期（60～80 kg）。生长期粗蛋白质为160.0 g/kg，消化能为12.77 MJ/kg，试验1、2和3组粗纤维水平分别为58.0，64.3和70.9 g/kg；育肥期粗蛋白质为140.0 g/kg，消化能为12.81 MJ/kg，试验1、2和3组粗纤维水平分别为53.7，60.5和67.2 g/kg。试猪采用种猪自动饲喂系统饲喂，耗料和体质量实时自动记录。试验结束时，每组选取6头体质量相近的猪屠宰(4公2母)，测定其生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质，同时全部试验猪实行前腔静脉采血以进行血液生化指标的测定。【结果】 生长期试验2组体质量增加成本显著比试验1组高11%（P＜0.05）；育肥期内，试验3组平均日增质量和平均日采食量分别显著高于试验2组和试验1组（P＜0.05），其料肉比（3.64）和体质量增加成本分别比试验2组低21.04%和18.83%（P＜0.05）。试验3组屠宰率极显著低于其他组（P＜0.01），A1值和L24值显著高于试验1组（P＜0.05）。随着日粮粗纤维水平的增加，屠宰后圩猪肉的pH1和pH24值均表现为先降低后升高。试验3组十八碳-顺-9-烯酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量极显著高于试验2组（P＜0.01），但9,12-十八碳二烯酸、7,10,13-二十碳三烯酸、全顺-5，8，11，14-二十碳四烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著低于试验2组（P＜0.05），除半胱氨酸、组氨酸和脯氨酸外，试验2组其余氨基酸的含量均显著高于试验1组（P＜0.05），但其血清谷草转氨酶活性和葡萄粮浓度显著低于试验1组（P＜0.05）。【结论】综合考虑生长性能、经济效价、肉品质和血清生化指标认为，对于生长期圩猪，当日粮粗蛋白质水平为160.0 g/kg、消化能水平为12.77 MJ/kg时，适宜的粗纤维水平以58.0 g/kg为宜；对于育肥期圩猪，当日粮粗蛋白质水平为140.0 g/kg、消化能水平为12.81 MJ/kg时，粗纤维水平以67.2 g/kg为宜。 |
| 关键词: 粗纤维 圩猪 生长性能 肉品质 血液生化指标 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家星火计划重点项目（2014GA710002）；安徽省生猪产业技术体系项目（2014） |
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| Effect of dietary crude fiber level on growth performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of Wei pigs |
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TANG Qian,YANG Xiao-ting,LI Lü-mu,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of dietary crude fiber level on growth performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of Wei pigs to determine optimal fiber level.【Method】24 health Wei pigs,weighing (36.48±3.80) kg,were randomly allotted to 3 treatments.Each treatment had 8 replicates and each replicate included 6 boars and 2 sows.The experiment was divided into two stages (growing period:35-60 kg and finishing period:60-80 kg).During growing period,the crude protein level was 160.0 g/kg,the digestible energy was 12.77 MJ/kg,and the dietary crude fiber levels of treatment 1,treatment 2 and treatment 3 were 58.0,64.3 and 70.9 g/kg,respectively.During finishing period,the crude protein level was 140.0 g/kg,the digestible energy was 12.81 MJ/kg, and the dietary crude fiber levels of treatment 1,treatment 2 and treatment 3 were 53.7,60.5 and 67.2 g/kg,respectively.The pigs were fed by the automatic feeding system,and the consumptions and weights were recorded immediately.At the end of experiment,6 pigs (4 boars and 2 sows) with similar weight were selected to measure the growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality.Blood samples of all pigs were collected to determine the serum biochemical indexes.【Result】During growing period,the cost of weight gain of treatment 2 was significantly higher than that of treatment 1 by 11% (P<0.05).During finishing period,ADG and ADFI of treatment 3 were significantly higher than that of treatment 1 and 2 (P<0.05),while the F/G (3.64) and the cost of weight gain were lower than treatment 1 by 21.04% and 18.83%,separately (P<0.05).Dressing percentage of treatment 3 was significantly lower than that of others (P<0.01),while values of A1 and L24 were significantly higher than that of treatment 1.After slaughtering,pH1 and pH24 values of every group decreased at first and then increased.The contents of tetradecanoic acid and MUFA of treatment 3 were significantly higher than that of treatment 2,while the contents of 9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid,7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic acid,5,8,11,14 Arachidonic acid and PUFA were significantly lower than that of treatment 2 (P<0.01).Expect for Cys,His and Pro,the contents of other amino acids of treatment 2 were significantly higher than that of treatment 1 (P<0.05),but the enzyme activity of AST and the content of GLU were significantly lower than that of treatment 1 (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Considering growth performance,cost,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes,the optimal crude fiber level for Wei pigs was 58.0 g/kg when crude protein level was 160.0 g/kg and digestible energy was 12.77 MJ/kg during growing period.During finishing period, the optimal crude fiber level was 67.2 g/kg when crude protein level was 140.0 g/kg and digestible energy was 12.81 MJ/kg. |
| Key words: crude fiber Wei pigs growth performance meat quality growth performance serum biochemical indexes |
