| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究谷子坡地的降雨入渗特征，为谷子坡地水分管理及防治水土流失提供科学依据。【方法】采用人工模拟降雨的方法，以裸露坡地为对照，研究中小雨强（40 mm/h）下，3°、5°、10°、15°的坡地在谷子拔节初期、拔节中期、抽穗初期和灌浆初期的降雨入渗特征，并筛选出最优拟合模型。【结果】谷子坡地最初入渗率较高，随降雨历时的延长入渗率呈下降趋势，至降雨后50 min基本接近稳定入渗阶段，入渗率与入渗时间之间符合幂函数关系。入渗总量随坡度的增大而减小，随谷子生长期的延长而增大；与裸地相比，谷子坡地的初始入渗率、稳定入渗率、平均入渗率、累积入渗量分别提高了10.4%，28.17%，16.46%和20.47%。Kostiakov模型基本能模拟谷子坡地的入渗特征，但平均入渗率估算值（0.420 mm/min）比实测值(0.474 mm/min)降低了11.39%。【结论】谷子坡地的入渗总量大于裸地，入渗曲线可用Kostiakov模型拟合。 |
| 关键词: 谷子坡地 降雨入渗 模型模拟 黄土高原 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41271288）；西北农林科技大学国家级大学生创新训练项目 |
|
| Simulation of soil infiltration in millet sloping field under medium rainfall intensity |
|
WU Jia,WANG Lin-hua,LI Zhan-bin,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper investigated soil infiltration in millet sloping field to provide scientific basis for soil and water conservation in millet sloping field.【Method】The characteristics of soil infiltration at different growth stages of millet including early jointing stage,middle jointing stage,early heading stage and early filling stage were studied.The gradients of millet field were 3°,5°,10°,and 15° and the rainfall intensity was 40 mm/h.Bare sloping field was used as control and the best fitting model was selected.【Result】The infiltration rate in millet field generally presented a decreasing tendency with the increase of rainfall duration and reached a stable stage nearly 50 min after the beginning of rainfall.The relationship between infiltration rate and rainfall time could be described by a power function.The total infiltration amount decreased as the increase of slope whereas increased from early jointing stage to early filling stage.Compared with control treatment,the initial infiltration rate, steady infiltration rate,average infiltration rate and the total infiltration amount in millet field were increased by 10.4%,28.17%,16.46%,and 20.47%,respectively.Kostiakov infiltration model generally fitted the soil infiltration characteristics at different growth stages in millet field,while the predicted value of average infiltration （0.420 mm/min） rate was 11.39% lower than the measured value （0.474 mm/min）.【Conclusion】The total infiltration amount in millet field was higher than the control treatment.Kostiakov infiltration model could be used to simulate the infiltration rate in millet field. |
| Key words: millet sloping field rainfall infiltration infiltration model Loess Plateau |
