| 摘要: |
| 【目的】比较分析四川6种丛生竹的纤维形态特征，并对其纤维质量和利用价值进行评述，为丛生竹种的合理开发、利用提供科学依据。【方法】在四川省宜宾市长宁世纪竹园，随机选择慈竹、粉单竹、料慈竹、绵竹、硬头黄竹、梁山慈竹等6种丛生竹种各9丛，对其纤维形态指标进行观测，利用SPSS 17.0软件的one way ANOVAs方法分析6种竹子纤维的质量和利用价值。【结果】6种丛生竹的平均纤维长度均大于2 000 μm；梁山慈竹和硬头黄竹分布频率最大的纤维长度为≥1 000～<2 000 μm，其他4种均为≥2 000～<3 000 μm。除梁山慈竹和硬头黄竹的平均纤维长宽比分别为114.67和114.94外，其余4种竹子的平均纤维长宽比为138.26～152.44，均大于毛竹（123.00）。6种丛生竹纤维的壁腔比为2.18～3.96，均小于毛竹（4.55）。在轴向上，6种丛生竹的纤维长度、长宽比、壁厚、腔径和壁腔比的变异规律随竹种的不同而有差异，其纤维宽度由基部向稍部总体呈现出逐渐减小趋势。在径向上，6种丛生竹纤维长度、宽度、壁厚、腔径和壁腔比均具有相似的规律，但其长宽比的变化会随竹种的不同而不同。【结论】6种丛生竹种纤维质量均优于毛竹，其中料慈竹、粉单竹和绵竹的纤维质量优于慈竹，造纸性能更优。 |
| 关键词: 丛生竹 纤维形态 纤维质量 利用价值 |
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| 基金项目:“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划项目（2012BAD23B05） |
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| Fiber morphology of six sympodial bamboos in Sichuan |
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CHEN Li-juan,ZHANG Chao-yan,LAI Yong-ping,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study comparatively analyzed the fiber morphological characters of six sympodial bamboo varieties and evaluated their quality and utilization values to improve the development and utilization of sympodial bamboos.【Method】Nine clusters of six randomly selected sympodial bamboo species in Changning,Sichuan,were chosen,and their fiber morphologies were investigated.Then,their utilization values were evaluated using one-way ANOVAs incorporated in SPSS 17.0.【Result】The average lengths of fibers of six sympodial bamboo varieties were all >2 000 μm.The frequency with maximum fiber length of Dendrocalamus farinosus and Bambusa rigida was ≥1 000-<2 000 μm,and that of other four bamboos was ≥2 000-<3 000 μm.The average length/width ratios of Dendrocalamus farinosus and Bambusa rigida were 114.67 and 114.94,while those of other four bamboos were 138.26-152.44,larger than that of Moso (123.00).The average wall/lumen ratios of six sympodial bamboos were 2.18-3.96,smaller than that of Moso (4.55).Longitudinally,the variations of fiber length,length/width ratio,wall thickness,lumen diameter,and wall/lumen ratio of these bamboos were different.The fiber widths decreased gradually from culm base to tip.Radially,the variations of fiber length,width,wall thickness,lumen diameter,and wall/lumen ratio of these bamboos were similar,while the variations of fiber length/width were different.【Conclusion】The six sympodial bamboos were all better than Moso for paper-making,and the properties of Bambusa chungii fiber,Bambusa distegia and Bambusa intermedia were the better than that of Bambusa emeiensis.Thus,they were suggested for making pulp and paper. |
| Key words: sympodial bamboo fiber morphology fiber quality utilization value |
