| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同种源黄芩光合特性、采收期内黄芩根产量及品质的动态变化，为黄芩优良种源的选择及最佳采收期的确定提供理论依据。【方法】采用TPS-1便携式光合作用系统，测定6个种源（甘肃、河北、陕西、山西、山东和吉林）黄芩的光合特性；通过五点法取样，测定采收期内（8-10月）黄芩根的产量；并用HPLC法测定黄芩苷含量和单株黄芩苷产量的动态变化。【结果】不同季节、不同种源间黄芩的光合生理特性差异显著，净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率均随月份的变化而变化，表现出对气候变化的适应性，其中陕西种源黄芩的光合能力大于其他种源。不同种源黄芩根产量之间也有一定差异，陕西、吉林种源的产量较其他种源高，这与陕西、吉林种源较高的净光合速率和水分利用效率密切相关。采收期内，河北、陕西、山西和山东种源的黄芩苷含量在09-21达到高峰后下降，而甘肃、吉林种源的黄芩苷含量从09-14就开始下降。单株黄芩苷产量以陕西种源最高，甘肃和河北种源最低，陕西种源单株黄芩苷产量在09-21是甘肃种源的3倍，是河北种源的2.4倍。【结论】在吉林省内，为获得高产优质的药材，建议引种陕西、山西种源的黄芩，并在采收期内适时采收，陕西和山西种源黄芩最佳采收时间为09-21左右，吉林当地种源黄芩的最佳采收时间为09-14左右。 |
| 关键词: 黄芩 光合作用 产量 黄芩苷 采收期 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31070292,31270371)；国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAI03B01-02）；国家科技重大专项(2011ZX09401-305-10-03) |
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| Photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of Scutellaria baicalensis from different provenances |
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HAN Mei,YANG Li-min,HAN Zhong-ming,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The photosynthesis,root yield and dynamic change of effective constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were studied to provide theoretical basis for selection of excellent provenance and the best harvest time.【Methods】Photosynthesis of S.baicalensis from six provenances (Gansu,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Shandong,and Jilin) was measured using TPS-1 portable photosynthesis system,root yield during harvesting period (August to October) was detected by five point sampling weighing method,and dynamic variation of baicalin content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).【Results】The photosynthetic characteristics of S.baicalensis at different seasons from different provenances had significant difference.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and water use efficiency changed with the season,showing the adaptability to different seasons.Photosynthetic capacity of Shaanxi provenance was higher than others.The root yields of different provenances had significant difference,the root yields of Shaanxi and Jilin provenances were higher than others,which closely related to their high net photosynthetic rates and water use efficiencies.The baicalin contents of S.baicalensis from Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi and Shandong provenances reached the highest on 21 September,and decreased since then.While the baicalin contents of S.baicalensis from Jilin and Gansu provenances decreased on 14 September.Baicalin yield per plant of Shaanxi provenance was the highest,and the yields of Gansu and Hebei provenances were the lowest.The baicalin yield of Shaanxi provenance was 3 and 2.4 times of that of Gansu and Hebei provenances,respectively.【Conclusion】S.baicalensis seeds from Shaanxi and Shanxi provenances were recommended in addition to Jilin provenance for good agricultural practice of S.baicalensis in Changchun,Jilin.The harvest should be timely to obtain high yield and good quality of S.baicalensis.The best harvest date for Shaanxi and Shanxi provenances was 21 September,while for Jilin provenance it was 14 September. |
| Key words: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi photosynthesis yield baicalin harvest period |
