| 摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选对开蕨组培苗的适宜栽培基质，为其推广栽培提供技术指导。【方法】以3年生对开蕨组培苗为试材，在以草炭、山皮土、园土、菌渣和珍珠岩为材料按照不同比例配制的7种栽培基质［T1(CK1):草炭；T2(CK2):山皮土；T3：V(园土)∶V(草炭)=2∶1；T4：V(园土)∶V(山皮土)=2∶1；T5：V(园土)∶V(山皮土)∶V(菌渣)=2∶1∶1；T6：V(草炭)∶V(山皮土)∶V(菌渣)=2∶1∶1；T7：V(草炭)∶V(珍珠岩)∶V(菌渣)=2∶1∶1］中进行试验，从植株的形态、生理和光合特性3个方面选取9项指标（株高、冠幅、单叶面积、新增叶片数、新增带孢子囊叶片数、比叶质量、叶绿素、净光合速率、水分利用率）综合考察评价，在此基础上对各生长指标进行主成分分析，再用隶属函数求出各处理的综合评价值，按该值对各基质排序，最后结合各基质配方的理化性质确定最佳基质。【结果】各基质配方的理化性质基本均在适合对开蕨组培苗生长的理想范围之内，只有T4的体积质量略高，通气孔隙略小；T1的pH值略低。除株高、冠幅和比叶质量外，单叶面积、新增叶片数、新增带孢子囊叶片数、叶绿素、净光合速率和水分利用效率6项指标在不同基质处理间差异显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）。综合分析结果表明，T3处理的综合评价值最高，达到0.924，表明该基质配方较其他处理更适宜对开蕨组培苗生长，其余依次为T7、T2、T5、T6、T4和T1。【结论】对开蕨组培苗的适宜栽培基质为V(园土)∶V(草炭)=2∶1，该基质配方简便易行，适合推广应用。 |
| 关键词: 对开蕨 组培苗 栽培基质 主成分分析 隶属函数 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD22B0401)；吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110262) |
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| Selection of optimal culture substrate for tissue-cultured seedlings of Phyllitis japonica |
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ZHAO Chao,DONG Ran,GU De-feng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to select the optimal culture substrate for tissue-cultured seedlings of Phyllitis japonica.【Method】 Three-year-old tissue-cultured seedlings were planted them in 7 culture substrates formulated with peat,hill-skill soil,garden soil,mushroom residue and perlite at different volume ratios (T1(CK1):peat,T2(CK2):hill-skill soil,T3:V(garden soil)∶V(peat)=2∶1,T4:V(garden soil)∶V(hill-skill soil)=2∶1,T5:V(garden soil)∶V(hill-skill soil)∶V(mushroom residue)=2∶1∶1,T6:V(peat)∶V(hill-skill soil)∶V(mushroom residue)=2∶1∶1,and T7:V(peat)∶V(perlite)∶V(mushroom residue)=2∶1∶1).Nine indices from morphology,physiological and photosynthetic characteristics were selected for comprehensive evaluation.Then principal component analysis was conducted and subordinate function was used to calculate comprehensive evaluation values.These values were ranked and the best substrate was determined according to physical and chemical properties.【Result】Physical and chemical properties of all substrates were within the ideal ranges for the growth of P.japonica tissue-cultured seedlings except T4 with slightly higher bulk density and smaller aeration porosity and T1 with slightly lower pH.Single leaf area,number of new leaves,number of new leaves with sporangia,Chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,and water use efficiency showed significant differences at P<0.05 or P<0.01 levels,while the height,crown width and specific leaf weight showed no significant difference (P>0.05).T3 had the highest comprehensive evaluation value of 0.924,followed by T7,T2,T5,T6,T4 and T1.【Conclusion】The preferred culture substrate for P.japonica tissue-cultured seedlings was V(garden soil)∶V(peat)=2∶1,which was simple to prepare and suitable to apply. |
| Key words: Phyllitis japonica tissue culture seedlings culture substrate principal component analysis subordinate function |
