| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究滇中高原不同植被的蓄水保土效应及对土壤碳库的影响，为当地的植被建设与小流域综合治理提供科学依据。【方法】采用标准径流小区观测法，于2006-2012年在云南省玉溪市尖山河小流域，对云南松次生林、云南松 蓝桉人工林、灌草丛及坡耕地小区的坡面产流、产沙情况和土壤碳库变化进行观测。【结果】1）灌草丛小区和云南松次生林小区的减流率分别为91.87%和91.61%，云南松 蓝桉人工林小区的减流率为77.45%。灌草丛、云南松次生林和云南松 蓝桉人工林的减沙率分别为99.17%，98.76%和96.45%。2）5-10月4种不同类型植被小区的径流量占全年径流量的83%以上，土壤侵蚀量占全年土壤侵蚀量的90%以上。3）与坡耕地相比，3种不同类型植被小区的表层（0～20 cm）土壤有机碳含量增加幅度为42.27%～108.19%，土壤碳储量增加幅度为55.53%～145.27%。4）相关分析结果表明，蓄水减流效应与土壤碳库指标总体存在着显著的正相关关系。【结论】灌草丛小区和云南松次生林小区蓄水减流效益显著，3种不同类型植被的保土减沙效益表现为：灌草丛＞云南松次生林＞云南松 蓝桉人工林；5-10月为当地水土保持的关键期；3种不同植被均具有增加土壤碳库的作用；有效的蓄水减流可明显增加土壤有机质含量。 |
| 关键词: 滇中高原 植被 蓄水保土 土壤有机碳 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项（201204101-10） |
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| Soil and water conservation benefits and their impacts on soil organic carbon of different vegetation in Central Yunnan Plateau |
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WU Jin-xia,CHEN Qi-bo,WANG Ke-qin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Study about the soil and water conservation benefits and their Impacts on soil carbon pool of different vegetation types in Central Yunnan Plateau,and provide scientific proof for local vegetation construction and comprehensive harness of small watershed.【Method】By using standard runoff plots observation method,based on the 4a interval of observed data from 2006 to 2012 in Jianshan small watershed in Yuxi city,Yunnan Province,responses of the surface runoff,sediment,total organic carbon(TOC) and carbon pool index(CPI) under 3 different vegetation mulching were studied.【Result】1) Compared with the sloping farmland,the runoff reduction rates of shrub-grass land and secondary forest were 91.87% and 91.61%,while the rate of plantation was 77.45%.Sediment reduction rates of shrub-grass land,secondary forest and plantation were 99.17%,98.76% and 96.45%.2) The runoff from May to October of different vegetation types were more than 83% of the annual total runoff,and the sediment loss was more than 90% of the annual total sediment loss.3) Compared with the control, soil organic carbon content and CPIs （0-20 cm）of plantation,shrub-grass land and secondary forest increased by 42.27% to 108.19% and 55.53% to 145.27%.4) Correlation analysis results showed that:the soil and water conservation of vegetation had an effect on soil carbon stock,and there was an extremely significant positive correlation among the water storage efficiency and soil carbon stock.【Conclusion】Compared with the control,shrub-grass land and secondary forest had great efficiencies of water storage.Shrub-grass land,secondary forest and plantation had great effects on reduction of sediment with a descendant order.From May to October is the key period for the prevention and control of soil and water erosion.All of three different vegetation have the functions to increase soil carbon stock.Effective water storage efficiency can significantly increase soil organic matter content. |
| Key words: Central Yunnan Plateau vegetation soil and water conservation benefit soil organic carbon |
