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硅肥浓度对温室黄瓜光合和荧光特性的影响
刘 缓1, 李建明1, 郑 刚,等1
西北农林科技大学 园艺学院
摘要:
【目的】初步探究硅肥对温室水培黄瓜植株光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,筛选适宜温室水培黄瓜的硅肥施用水平。【方法】用硅浓度分别为0(对照),0.5,1.0,1.5和2.0 mmol/L的营养液水培黄瓜(津优35号),于苗期和结果期进行叶绿素含量、光合速率及叶绿素荧光参数等相关指标的测定。【结果】随着硅浓度的增加,黄瓜植株叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、水分利用效率(WUE)、叶绿素荧光参数中最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)及叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,且与对照差异显著,各指标峰值大多出现在硅浓度为0.5~1.0 mmol/L时;非光化学猝灭系数(qN)随硅浓度增加呈现先降低后升高的趋势;蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔限制值(Ls) 随硅浓度的升高无显著变化。黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量随硅浓度的变化表现为苗期较结果盛期显著。【结论】硅浓度为0.5~1.0 mmol/L的营养液对黄瓜植株光合和荧光特性影响最为显著,也最有利于植株光能利用率的提高;过量施用反而会导致黄瓜植株光合效率、ETRqP降低和qN升高;苗期及时施用硅肥很重要。
关键词:  黄瓜  硅肥  温室水培  光合特性  叶绿素荧光特性
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:国家“863”高技术研究与发展计划项目(2011AA100504);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B01)
Effects of silicon nutrition on photosynthesis and fluorescence of cucumber
LIU Huan,LI Jian-ming,ZHENG Gang,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This paper investigated the effects of silicon concentration in cultural solution on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of greenhouse cucumber plants to determine suitable silicon rational application level.【Method】Five nutrient solutions with concentrations of 0(CK),0.5,1.0,1.5,and 2.0 mmol/L were used to culture cucumber plants (Jinyou 35).Chlorophyll contents,photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at seedling stage and fruiting stage.【Result】As the increase of silicon concentration,contents of Chl a,Chl b and total Chl,net photosynthetic rate (Pn),water using rate photosynthetic (WUE),electron transport rate (ETR),and photochemical quenching (qP) all increased firstly and then decreased slightly with significantly differences between treatments.Peaks were obtained when the concentration was in 0.5-1.0 mmol/L.But transpiration rate (Tr) and Ls had no significant changes.Non-photochemical quenching (qN) decreased firstly and then increased.Chlorophyll contents at seedling stage were higher than at fruiting stage.【Conclusion】Silicon fertilizer with concentration of 0.5-1.0 mmol/L had the most significant effects on photosynthesis and fluorescence of cucumber plants and benefited light efficiency the most.However,excessive application would lead to reduction of ETR and qP and increase of qN.It was recommended to apply silicon fertilizer timely at seedling stage.
Key words:  cucumber  silicon nutrition  greenhouse hydroponic  photosynthetic characteristics  chlorophyll fluorescence parameters