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8种中国野生百合花色素成分分析
郭鸿飞1, 张延龙1, 牛立新,等1
西北农林科技大学 林学院
摘要:
【目的】对8种野生百合花瓣的色素成分进行研究,为百合花色的遗传育种提供理论依据。【方法】以8种野生百合花瓣(花瓣橙色3种和白色5种)为试验材料,采用特征颜色反应和紫外-可见光谱扫描对其色素进行定性分析,采用NaNO2 AlCl3法和比色法测定花瓣中的叶绿色、类胡萝卜素、总黄酮含量,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术检测8种野生百合花瓣中的单体酚组成及其含量。【结果】白色系和橙色系百合花瓣之间叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、总黄酮的含量有差异,其中,类胡萝卜素和总黄酮含量均表现为橙色系百合显著高于白色系百合。矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷及矢车菊素是百合花瓣中主要的花青苷(素),除此之外,还从8种百合花瓣中鉴定出9种其他酚类物质:3种酚酸(没食子酸、绿原酸、对香豆酸)、2种黄烷醇(儿茶素、表儿茶素)、2种二氢黄酮醇(二氢槲皮素、二氢杨梅素)和2种黄酮醇(芦丁、山奈酚)。【结论】百合花瓣的橙色来源于类胡萝卜素的积累,花瓣上的紫黑色斑点是由花青苷(素)富集引起的。叶绿素a和其他多酚类物质对花色的形成可能也有重要影响。
关键词:  百合  色素  花青苷  类胡萝卜素
DOI:
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基金项目:陕西省林业厅项目(陕林计字[2011]70号)
Petal pigments of eight wild Lilium species native to China
GUO Hong-fei,ZHANG Yan-long,NIU Li-xin,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study explored pigment composition in petals of eight wild Lilium species to provide theoretical basis for Lilium breeding.【Method】Qualitative analysis on petal pigments of eight wild Lilium species (3 with orange petals and 5 with white petals) was conducted using specific color reaction and UV-visible spectrum.The contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and flavonoid were determined by NaNO2 AlCl3 method and colorimetric method and composition and contents of phenolic constituents were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).【Result】There were significant differences in contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and flavonoid among orange and white petals.The contents of carotenoids in orange petals were higher than those in white petals.Cyanidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin were the major anthocyanins in petals.Nine other phenolic compounds including three phenolic acids (gallic acid,p-coumaric acid and chorogenic acid),two flavonols (rutin and kaempferol),two monomeric flavanols ((+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin),and two dihydroflavonols (dihydromyricetin and dihydroquercetin) were identified as well.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in pigment contents between white and orange petals.The orange petals had carotenoid pigmentation and the pigments in tepal spots were anthocyanins.Chlorophyll a and other polyphenols maybe also have influence on petal color.
Key words:  Lilium  pigment  anthocyanin  carotenoid