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间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎林结实数量和品质的影响
冉 然1, 张文辉1, 周建云,等1
西北农林科技大学 西部环境与生态教育部重点实验室
摘要:
【目的】研究不同间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎林结实数量和品质的影响,了解间伐对栓皮栎林可持续发育的作用。【方法】2011-07,以秦岭南坡商洛地区近自然经营的栓皮栎中龄纯林为研究对象,按照不同间伐强度30%,20%,10%,0(对照)处理后,分析间伐5年后栓皮栎林的平均单株结实量、林分总结实量、种子在树冠上的空间分布、种子特征以及种子萌发率等。【结果】栓皮栎林结实母树比例随着间伐强度的增加而增加,表现为30%>20%>10%>对照;林分总结实量在间伐强度达到30%时比对照组增加最多,增加了8.4%;平均单株结实量树冠上层占73.8%,下层占26.2%,树冠阳面结实最多,占62.2%;不同间伐强度对栓皮栎的种子大小、千粒质量及种子萌发均有影响,间伐强度30%时种子品质最优、室内恒温发芽率最高。【结论】对于郁闭度≥0.80的栓皮栎中龄林,以间伐强度为30% (郁闭度保留0.6)最有利于栓皮栎林的结实和种子品质的提高,能够促进栓皮栎天然林的可持续发育。
关键词:  栓皮栎  秦岭南坡  近自然经营  间伐强度  结实  种子品质
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004011);国家自然科学基金项目(30872018);陕西省重点基础研究项目(2009JZ005)
Effects of thinning intensity on fruiting quantity and quality of Quercus variabilis forest on the south slope of Qinling Mountains
RAN Ran,ZHANG Wen-hui,ZHOU Jian-yun,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study aimed to research the effects of thinning intensity on fruiting quantity and quality of Quercus variabilis forest on the south slope of Qinling Mountains.【Method】Q.variabilis half-mature and pure forests under close-to-natural management in Shangluo,the south slope of Qinling Mountains were selected as the object in July 2011.Based on different thinning intensities (30%,20%,10% and 0(CK)),the individual fruiting status,the total number of stand fruits,seeds spatial distributions,seeds characteristics and seeds germination rates of Q.variabilis forests 5 years after thinning were analyzed.【Result】The average fruiting number of individual plant increased with the increasing intensity,and the order of different treatments was 30%>20%>10%>0(CK).The total number of stand fruits of 30% thinning intensity increased the most by 8.4% compared to the control group.The upper fruiting number of the average single plant accounted for 73.8%,while the lower part accounted for 26.2%.The sunny side of canopy layer set the most fruits with the ratio of 62.2%.The seed size,1 000-seed mass,and seed germination of Q.variabilis were different under different thinning intensities,and seed quality and heated indoor germination rate were the best when the thinning intensity was 30%.【Conclusion】The thinning intensity of 30% (canopy density keep 0.6) was most conducive to the improvement of fruiting and seed quality of Q.variabilis half mature forest,and it could promote the sustainable development of Q.variabilis natural forest.
Key words:  Quercus variabilis  the south slope of Qinling Mountains  close-to-natural forest management  thinning intensity  fruiting  seed quality