| 摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选水肥一体化条件下适合日光温室沙地栽培黄瓜的最优水肥组合。【方法】以“津优1号”黄瓜品种为材料，设灌水和施肥2个因素，每个因素各设3个水平，其中3个灌水水平分别为3 600 m3/hm2 (W1）、2 850 m3/hm2 (W2）、2 100 m3/hm2(W3），3个施肥水平分别为N 675 kg/hm2+P2O5 270 kg/hm2+K2O 702 kg/hm2(F1）、N 525 kg/hm2+P2O5 210 kg/hm2+K2O 546 kg/hm2 (F2）、N 375 kg/hm2+P2O5 150 kg/hm2+K2O 390 kg/hm2 (F3），各因素水平随机组合共9个水肥组合处理，以农户常规施肥灌水量为对照（CK），研究水肥一体化条件下不同水肥组合对温室沙地栽培黄瓜产量和品质的影响。【结果】3个施肥水平下，黄瓜单株产量和小区产量随着施肥灌水量的增多而增加；当灌水量相同时，随着施肥量的增加，黄瓜单株产量和小区产量的变化有一定差异。灌水和施肥交互作用对黄瓜产量有极显著影响，不同处理黄瓜小区产量由大到小表现为W1F1>W1F2>W2F1>W2F2>W3F3>W1F3>W2F3>CK>W3F2>W3F1。灌水、施肥在结果各个时期对果实品质的影响不同，当灌水量相同时，结果初期果实中的硝酸含量随着施肥量的增加而增大，而在结果中期和末期则呈先增后减趋势。低水处理（W3）有利于黄瓜果实可溶性糖和VC含量的提高，可溶性蛋白含量在结果初期以W1F1最高，结果中期和末期以W2F2最高。【结论】综合黄瓜产量和品质2个因素，筛选出温室沙地黄瓜栽培的最优水肥组合为W1F2。 |
| 关键词: 黄瓜 温室 水肥组合 沙地栽培 产量与品质 |
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| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-25-D-02）；陕西省农业系统专项资金项目 |
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| Effects of different water-fertilizer combinations on yield and quality of greenhouse cuncumber cultivated in sand |
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YANG Jun-hua,YAN Fei,SUN Li-li,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This experiment was conducted to select the best water-fertilizer combination for cucumber cultivation in greenhouse.【Method】Jinyou NO.1 cucumber was selected as experimental material,and 9 treatments,including water and fertilizer as factors with three levels each,were designed.The three water levels were 3 600 m3/hm2(W1),2 850 m3/hm2(W2),and 2 100 m3/hm2(W3),and the three fertilizer levels were N 675 kg/hm2+P2O5 270 kg/hm2+K2O 702 kg/hm2(F1),N 525 kg/hm2+P2O5 210 kg/hm2+K2O 546 kg/hm2(F2),and N 375 kg/hm2+P2O5 150 kg/hm2+K2O 390 kg/hm2(F3).The traditional irrigation and fertilizer amount was used as control to study their influence on yield and quality of cucumber under integrated water-fertilizer.【Result】The yield of each plant and plot raised with the increase of water.At same water level,there existed differences among yields of different plants or plots.The interaction of water and fertilizer had significant effect on cucumber yield.The plot yields of different combinations were in a decreasing order of W1F1>W1F2>W2F1>W2F2>W3F3>W1F3>W2F3>CK>W3F2>W3F1.Water and fertilizer had different effects on quality of cucumber at different fruiting stages.At the early fruiting stage,nitrate content in fruit increased with the increase of fertilizer when water level was identical.But at middle and late stages,nitrate content increased firstly before decreasing.Low-water treatment (W3) enhanced the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C.Soluble protein contents of W1F1 in early fruiting stage and W2F2 in middle and late fruiting stages were highest.【Conclusion】 Considering both yield and quality,W1F2 was selected as the optimal combination. |
| Key words: cucumber greenhouse water fertilizer combination cultivate in sand yield and quality |
