| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究春兰（Cymbidium goeringii）、墨兰（C.sinense）和兜兰属（Paphiopedilum）的杏黄兜兰（P.armeniacum）、飘带兜兰（P.parishii）4种地生兰菌根的显微结构，了解菌根真菌与地生兰生长之间的关系，为地生兰的多样性保护提供参考。【方法】利用光学显微镜及石蜡连续切片的方法,用分离自野生地生兰的菌根真菌菌株CLB113和CLB111，接种4种地生兰种子萌发无菌组培苗，使地生兰形成菌根， 观察菌根的结构、菌丝侵入途径及菌丝结在皮层中的消长状况，并与野生状态下地生兰的菌根进行比较，从形态学角度分析菌根真菌与地生兰的共生关系。【结果】菌根从外到内分为根被、皮层和髓3部分，其中菌根真菌通过根被进入皮层，并在皮层组织中形成分布不匀、形状大小不一、较深颜色的菌丝结，并在不同时期有着不同的形态学变化。地生兰根部有3种不同形态的菌丝，分别为丝状菌丝、菌丝结和菌丝结残片。菌丝结被消解吸收之后，周围的菌丝会继续形成新的菌丝结。伴随新菌丝的生长和侵入,菌根真菌可不断地为地生兰提供营养物质,促进其快速生长发育。【结论】与非菌根相比，地生兰菌根的基本结构没有明显变化，但菌根中有入侵的菌根真菌，皮层组织中有菌丝结存在。 |
| 关键词: 地生兰 菌根 显微结构 菌丝结 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31360198，31260175）；云南省高校干热河谷植被恢复创新团队项目；云南省重点学科森林保护学项目（XKZ200905）；云南省高等学校森林病虫害综合治理教学团队项目 |
|
| Microstructure of mycorrhiza of four terrestrial orchids |
|
GAO Jin,WANG Fang,WU Jian-rong
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study observed the microstructure of mycorrhiza of four terrestrial orchids (Cymbidium goeringii,Cymbidium sinense,Paphiopedilum armeniacum and Paphiopedilum parishii) under optical microscope,aiming to understand the relationship between orchid growth and mycorrhizal fungus and provide a reference for diversity protection of terrestrial orchids.【Method】Optical microscope and paraffin continuous section method were adopted to infect seedlings without fungus of the four terrestrial orchids using CLB113 and CLB111 mycorrhizal fungi isolated from wild terrestrial orchids.Then the structure,mycorrhizal fungi formation pathway,and growth and decline of pelotons in cortical were observed and compared with wild terrestrial orchids.The symbiotic relationship of mycorrhizal fungi and four terrestrial orchids was also analyzed based on morphology.【Result】Mycorrhiza of terrestrial orchids could be divided into three sections:velamen,cortex,and pith.Cortical tissues were infected by mycorrhizal through velamen.After the infection,there were pelotons with dark color and irregular shapes unevenly distributed in the cortical tissues,and they were different in morphology at different times.There were three different forms of hyphae,filamentous hyphae,peloton and peloton pieces.After the digestion and absorption of pelotons,surrounding hyphae would continue to form new pelotons.With the growth and invasion of new hyphae,mycorrhizal fungi provided nutrients for terrestrial orchids and promoted the rapid growth and development.【Conclusion】There were no significant differences between mycorrhiza and non mycorrhiza of terrestrial orchids.However,mycorrhiza had invasive fungi and there were pelotons in cortex. |
| Key words: terrestrial orchids mycorrhiza microstructure pelotons |
