| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析林型与降雨量、径流量的关系，为合理调整闽江流域内生态公益林林型结构布局，充分发挥公益林的水源涵养功能提供参考。【方法】以闽江流域为研究对象，借助遥感（Remote sensing，RS）和地理信息系统（Geographic information system，GIS）技术手段，对闽江流域HJ-1A/B CCD遥感影像进行处理，在提取生态公益林资源信息的基础上，结合水文数据，采用灰色关联分析法，研究流域内不同林型与年降雨量、年径流量之间的关系。【结果】 经过遥感影像处理和森林资源信息提取，获得了闽江流域30个县市的多年平均径流深和降雨量栅格图及生态公益林森林资源分布图。灰色关联分析结果表明，流域内6种林型阔叶林、杉木林、马尾松林、针阔混交林、竹林、经济林与年径流量的关联度分别为0.599 6，0.544 1，0.529 8，0.546 9，0.501 5，0.457 3；与年降雨量的关联度分别为0.574 3，0.757 1，0.783 0，0.729 1，0.853 8，0.882 1。各县市生态公益林的涵养水源能力以大田、闽清、三明、沙县、尤溪等较强，德化、仙游、古田和福州、建瓯、明溪等表现为从一般到较强，光泽和武夷山最差。【结论】流域内不同林型的水源涵养能力大小依次为阔叶林>针阔混交林>杉木林>马尾松林>竹林>经济林；当阔叶林、杉木林、针阔混交林面积分别约占有林地面积的20%，18%和26%时，森林涵养水源的能力较强。 |
| 关键词: 林型结构 生态公益林 水源涵养 闽江流域 |
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| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金项目“森林碳储量遥感估测模型构建研究”（2011J01258） |
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| Effects of ecological forest types on water-holding function in Minjiang watershed |
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LAI Ri-wen,LIU Jian,WANG Qin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The relationship between forest species and rainfall and runoff was analyzed to provide references for modulating distribution of ecological forests and improving their water holding function in Minjiang watershed.【Method】With the aid of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS),the HJ-1A/B CCD image of Minjiang watershed was processed to extract information of ecological public welfare forests.Combining the extracted information and hydrographic data,gray correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between forest species and rainfall and runoff.【Result】Mean annual rainfalls and runoffs of more than 30 counties in Minjiang watershed were acquired.Ordination and correlation revealed that the correlation coefficients between mean annual runoff and the six forest types (broadleaf forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,Pinus massoniana forest,mixed forest,bamboo forest,and economic forest) were 0.599 6,0.544 1,0.529 8,0.546 9,0.501 5,and 0.457 3,while the coefficients between annual rainfall and forest types were 0.574 3,0.757 1,0.783 0,0.729 1,0.853 8,and 0.882 1,respectively.Datian,Minqing,Sanming,Shaxian and Youxi had very strong water-holding capacities,Dehua,Xianyou,Gutian,Fuzhou,Jian’ou and Mingxi had medium or strong water-holding capacities,while Guangze and Wuyishan had poor water-holding capacities.【Conclusion】The water conservation capacities of different forests were in a decreasing order of broadleaf forest>mixed forest>C.lanceolata forest>P.massoniana forest>bamboo>economic forest.When the ratios of broadleaf forest,C.lanceolata,and mixed forest to the total woodland area were above 20%,18% and 26%,the forests would have strong water conservation capacities. |
| Key words: forest type ecological forest water-holding function Minjiang watershed |
