| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨影响长白山阔叶红松林内典型森林群落功能多样性指数的主要环境因子，初步揭示植物群落功能多样性与群落重要生态过程之间的关系，为该区植被恢复和生态系统保护提供理论与技术支持。【方法】对长白山阔叶红松林内的4种典型森林群落（杨桦林、白桦林、臭冷杉红松林和紫椴红松林）进行群落学调查，采用Rao’s Q指数和Shannon-Winner指数对不同群落和群落整体的功能多样性指数、物种多样性指数进行计算分析，利用DPS软件对其环境影响因子进行灰色关联度分析。【结果】对于长白山阔叶红松林内的4种典型森林群落，就不同层次而言，Shannon-Winner指数在乔木层和草本层排序均为白桦林>臭冷杉红松林>杨桦林>紫椴红松林；Rao’s Q指数乔木层和灌木层各群落排序均为紫椴红松林>臭冷杉红松林>杨桦林>白桦林；长白山阔叶红松林群落的Rao’s Q指数随演替的进行先下降后上升，物种多样性指数随着演替的进行而呈现先上升后下降的趋势；就环境因子而言，海拔对植物群落的物种多样性影响最大，而坡度对群落功能多样性的影响最大。【结论】不同森林群落和植物不同生活型在群落中的地位对评价群落动态及生态系统过程的重要性有较大影响，不同群落和植物生活型在物种多样性及功能多样性上均表现出明显的差异，这不仅与植物本身的生物学特性有关，也与群落所处生境有着密切的联系。 |
| 关键词: 阔叶红松林 群落演替 功能多样性指数 Shannon-Winner指数 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“十二五”林业科技支撑项目（2012BAC01B03-3） |
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| Functional diversity of typical broad-leaved Korean pine forest communities in Changbai Mountains and its relationship with topographical factors |
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YAO Xu-yang,HU Yao-sheng,LIU Yan-hong
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study discussed the main environmental factors affecting functional diversity of typical broad-leaved Korean pine forest communities in Changbai Mountains to reveal the relationship between functional diversity and important ecological processes and to provide theoretical and technical support for vegetation restoration and ecosystem conservation in this area.【Method】Four broad-leaved Korean pine forest communities (Populus davidiana+Betula platyphylla,Betula platyphylla,Abies nephrolepi+Pinus koraiensis,and Tilia amurensis+Pinus koraiensis) in Changbai Mountains were selected for coenological survey.Rao’s Q entropy index and Shannon-Winner index were used to calculate the functional diversity and biological diversity,and the DPS software was used to conduct Grey Relational Analysis for environmental factors.【Result】The Shannon-Winner index of tree layer and herbaceous layer were in the same decreasing order of Betula platyphylla>Abies nephrolepi+Pinus koraiensis>Populus davidiana+Betula platyphylla>Tilia amurensis+Pinus koraiensis,while the Rao’s Q index of tree layer and shrub layer were in the same decreasing order of Tilia amurensis+Pinus koraiensis>Abies nephrolepi+Pinus koraiensis>Populus davidiana+Betula platyphylla>Betula platyphylla.The Rao’s Q index of the broad-leaved Korean pine forest communities decreased firstly before increasing with the advance of succession,while the diversity increased firstly before decreasing.Altitude was the environmental factor with the largest effect on species diversity while slope had the greatest impact on functional diversity.【Conclusion】Different forest communities and life forms in different positions of community had important impact on evaluation of community dynamics and the importance of ecosystem processes.The differences in species diversity and functional diversity of different communities and life forms were related to both biological characteristics of plants and their habitats. |
| Key words: broad-leaved Korean pine succession stage functional diversity index Shannon-Winner index |
