| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析常规施磷钾条件下减氮对不同华南早晚兼用型水稻品种产量、品质及氮吸收利用的影响，为水稻精确减量施肥及氮高效利用提供参考。【方法】在大田常规施磷钾条件下，研究了3个不同水平氮肥处理（常规施氮肥（纯氮187.5 kg/hm2）、减氮28%（纯氮135.0 kg/hm2）和不施氮肥（纯氮0 kg/hm2））对不同基因型水稻（“粤晶丝苗2号”、“桂香占”和“天优998”）产量、品质及氮素吸收利用的影响。【结果】与常规施氮相比，减氮条件下“粤晶丝苗2号”和“桂香占”的每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒质量增加但有效穗数减少，对“天优998”产量构成因子无显著影响。减氮28%处理对水稻的碾磨品质和蒸煮品质无显著影响，提高了“天优998”的外观品质。减氮28%处理有利于提高“粤晶丝苗2号”和“桂香占”灌浆期剑叶蔗糖磷酸合成酶和蔗糖合成酶活性，对氮吸收影响不显著，但一定程度上利于提高氮素利用效率。【结论】适度减氮有利于华南早晚兼用型水稻增产、稳产及保持或改善稻米品质。 |
| 关键词: 华南早晚兼用型水稻 减氮处理 产量 稻米品质 氮吸收利用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14)；广东省农业攻关重点专项(2006A20303001)；广东省农业攻关项目(2004B20101007) |
|
| Effects of reducing nitrogen fertilizer on the yield,quality and N uptake and utilization of early/late season rice in South China |
|
MO Zhao-wen,LI Wu,DUAN Mei-yang,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of reducing nitrogen (N) on grain yield,quality and N uptake and utilization in different early/late season rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties with normal levels of phosphate (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers were analyzed,aiming at providing references for precisely quantitative fertilization and efficient utilization of N.【Method】Three N applying rates,conventional N (187.5 kg/hm2),reducing N by 28% (135.0 kg/hm2) and without N (0 kg/hm2)),were arranged in field experiment,and the effects of N on grain yield,quality and N uptake and utilization of different rice varieties (Yuejingsimiao 2,Guixiangzhan and Tianyou 998) were studied.【Results】Compared with conventional N,Yuejingsimiao 2 and Guixiangzhan with reduced nitrogen by 28% had higher grain number per panicle,full filling percentage and 1 000-grain weight,and lower effective panicles.Reducing nitrogen had no significant effect on Tianyou 998.Reducing nitrogen by 28% had no significant effect on milling and cooking qualities of rice,while the appearance qualities of Tianyou 998 were improved.Reducing nitrogen by 28% increased activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase in flag leaves of Yuejingsimiao 2 and Guixiangzhan.It had no significant effect on N uptake, but improved N utilization to some extent.【Conclusion】Reducing nitrogen fertilizer properly was beneficial to keep or increase yield along with maintain or improve rice quality of early/late season rice in South China. |
| Key words: early/late season rice (Oryza sativa L.) in South China nitrogen reduction treatment yield grain quality N uptake and utilization |
