| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究燕麦品种及其与全株玉米(Zea mays)质量比对混合青贮料营养成分及品质的影响，以筛选出青贮效果较好的燕麦品种及燕麦与玉米的最佳混合青贮模式。【方法】以3个燕麦品种白燕2号、白燕7号和白燕8号为研究对象，每个品种分别按燕麦与玉米鲜质量比0∶1，3∶7，5∶5，7∶3和1∶0混贮，共设置15个处理，常温贮存90 d后开封，测定青贮饲料的营养成分和pH值、氨态氮(NH3-N)、挥发性脂肪酸(VAF)等指标。【结果】（1）白燕8号燕麦与玉米质量比为7∶3的处理粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗灰分(CA)、无氮浸出物(NFE)含量较高，水分和粗纤维(CF)含量较低，因此青贮后的营养成分最佳。（2）白燕8号燕麦与玉米质量比为3∶7的处理pH值较低(3.26)，氨态氮/总氮值(NH3-N/TN)和丙酸(PA)、丁酸(BA)含量也较低，青贮品质优异。（3）从品种来看，白燕8号的青贮品质优于白燕2号和白燕7号，养分含量也比白燕2号和白燕7号略好；从混合比例来看，燕麦与玉米质量比为3∶7的处理粗纤维含量较低，粗蛋白和无氮浸出物含量较高，营养成分较好，同时该混合比例青贮料的pH值、氨态氮/总氮值和丙酸含量比燕麦与玉米质量比为5∶5、7∶3的处理低，是本试验的最优混合比例。【结论】在燕麦青贮中添加一定量的玉米进行混贮，可在一定程度上提高青贮料的营养价值和品质，其中，燕麦与玉米质量比为3∶7的处理是本试验的最优混合比例。 |
| 关键词: 燕麦品种 混合比例 青贮品质 营养成分 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家燕麦产业技术体系项目“燕麦加工利用”(CARS-08-D1)；国家牧草产业技术体系项目“优质牧草产品标准化生产关键技术”(CARS-35-01A) |
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| Effects of oat cultivars and their mass ratios to whole corn on mixed silage |
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GUO Ting,YANG Xue-jiao,ZHANG Yue-li,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and their mass ratios to whole corn (Zea mays) on nutritional components and quality of mixed silage,and the best oat cultivar and mixed silage model were decided.【Method】A total of 15 treatments,3 oat cultivars (Baiyan 2,Baiyan 7 and Baiyan 8) and 5 treatments with ratios to whole corn of 0∶1,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3 and 1∶0 for each cultivar,were set.After 90 days storage,regular nutrients,pH value,ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N),and VFA were analyzed.【Result】The best treatment for nutritive value was the mixed silage with Baiyan 8 and the ratio to maize of 7∶3 with higher contents of CP,EE,CA and NEF and lower contents of water and CF.The best treatment for the silage quality was the mixed silage with Baiyan 8 and the ratio to maize of 3∶7 with lower pH (3.26),NH3-N/TN ratio,propionic acid content,and butyric acid content.Baiyan 8 performed better than Baiyan 2 and Baiyan 7 based on silage quality and nutritional components.The optimal ratio of fresh oat to maize was 3∶7 because of the lower CF,pH,NH3-N/TN ratio and propionic acid and higher CP and NEF.【Conclusion】Adding corn to oat silage could improve the nutritional value and quality,and the best ratio of fresh oat and maize was 3∶7. |
| Key words: oat cultivars mixed ratios silage quality nutritional components |
