| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究果树在外激励载荷作用下树枝能量的传递过程，揭示振动采收果实的落果机理，为机械振动式采收技术的应用提供理论依据。【方法】由机械式激振器为果实树枝提供振源进行振动采收，通过高速摄像仪对整个采收过程进行记录，再用高速摄像仪的Phantom控制软件对整个试验过程进行详细的分析研究，获得树枝能量传递的一般规律。【结果】果实距离树枝分叉近的地方先脱落；各采样点以距离激振源远近依次达到能量的最大值且峰值依次降低，能量峰值大约损失了15％；树枝Ⅰ与主枝的夹角为42°时获得的峰值动能较树枝Ⅱ与主枝的夹角为80°的峰值动能大40%，且角度小果实也先脱落。【结论】能量以能量波的模式在树枝中传递，在传递过程中具有滞后性和能量的损失；果枝粗细对动能的传递有较大影响，细枝上的果实脱落所需时间较长；树枝与树干的夹角越小，各采样点在摆动方向获得的动能越大，越有利于果实脱落。 |
| 关键词: 振动采收 杏果实 机械振动 能量传递 高速摄像仪 Phantom控制软件 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（50375131）；科技部“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD27B02） |
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| Energy transfer of apricot fruit branch under forced vibration |
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QU Wei,WANG Chun-yao,WANG Xue-nong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The energy transferring process of branches under outer incentive load was studied to reveal the mechanism of dropping fruit by vibrating and support the mechanic vibration picking technique theoretically.【Method】Fruits were picked using mechanical vibrator to vibrate the fruit branches,and the entire picking process was recorded by high-speed camera for analysis of the entire picking process using Phantom control software and understanding the energy transfer.【Result】Fruits close to the branches fell off first.Each sampling point reached the maximum energy according to the distance from the excitation point,and the peak decreased gradually with 15% difference between the maximum and the minimum.The angle between branches Ⅰ and the main branch (42 degree) obtained 40% higher peak energy than that of angle between branches Ⅱ and the main branch (80 degree).The fruit on branches with smaller angles fell off earlier.【Conclusion】The energy transferring between branches was in the form of energy wave,and lag and energy loss existed in the transfer process.Branches shape affected energy transfer and longer time was needed for thinner branches.Smaller angles were beneficial to the drop of fruits. |
| Key words: mechanical harvest apricot fruit mechanical vibration energy transfer high-speed camera Phantom control software |
