| 摘要: |
| 【目的】建立适合黑河下游地区的溃坝洪水演进的二维数学模型，为该水库的安全运行和调洪决策提供参考。【方法】根据天然河道复杂而不规则的地形特点，以及溃坝洪水的传播和运动特性，建立适合黑河下游地区高程跨度很大的溃坝洪水演进的二维数学模型；利用非结构化三角形网格，采用单元中心的有限体积法求解控制溃坝水流运动的二维方程；应用所建模型，对黑河金盆水库10 000年一遇入库洪水漫顶所致溃坝洪水（即工况1）进行数值模拟，分析不同时刻的水深分布图、流速矢量图以及淹没范围的变化过程；在此基础上，探讨100年一遇入库洪水延时遭遇10 000年一遇入库洪水工况（即工况2）下溃坝洪水的演进变化过程，分析该工况下淹没水深的变化范围。【结果】工况1、工况2下大坝溃决时间分别为该工况模拟初始时间后的15.6，37.5 h，工况1、工况2下5个沿程观测点的最大淹没水深分别为3.10～6.18 m和3.66～6.91 m，最大流速分别为2.28～8.68 m/s和2.46～9.40 m/s。【结论】所建立的溃坝洪水二维模型可以模拟流域不同时刻的水深及流速分布，计算结果具体到点，为洪水风险分析和灾害损失评估提供了依据。 |
| 关键词: 溃坝洪水 二维模型 洪水演进 黑河 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973 计划）项目（2012CB723201） |
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| 2-D simulation of dam-break floodswith different frequencies |
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FENG Min-quan,YANG Zhi
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】A two-dimensional dambreak flood mathematical model suitable for Hei Riverdownstream areas wasestablished to improve the safe operation of the reservoir and the flood control decision.【Method】According to the complex and irregular terrain featuresof natural river channel,the dam break flood propagation and movement characteristics,a two-dimensional dambreak flood mathematical model suitable for Hei River downstream areas wasestablished.The cell center finite volume method and the unstructured triangular grid method wereapplied to create the model for the great elevation span.【Result】The dam break timesof condition 1 and condition 2 were 15.6 h and 37.5 h since the start ofsimulations,respectively.The maximum water depth ranged from 3.10-6.18 m and 3.66-6.91 m for the two conditions,and the maximum flow rates were between 2.28-8.68 m/s and 2.46-9.40 m/s,respectively.【Conclusion】The dam break flood two-dimensional model can simulate water depth and velocity distribution atdifferent times,the results can be used for flood risk analysis and disaster loss assessment. |
| Key words: dam break flood 2-D numerical simulation model flood routing Hei River |
