| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析马铃薯的整茎压缩力学特性，降低收获作业时收获机具对马铃薯的机械损伤。【方法】在5种不同加载速率（15，25，35，45，55 mm/min）和3个不同加载方向（x向：马铃薯块茎的脐部与顶点连线方向；y向：块茎径向截面的短轴方向；z向：块茎径向截面的长轴方向）下，对2种含水率56.8%左右且在甘肃种植面积较广的马铃薯（新大坪和陇薯3号）进行整茎压缩试验，测定马铃薯的压缩破裂力和变形量，并对其进行显著性和差异性比较。【结果】显著性分析表明：加载方向对破裂力影响显著，加载速率对破裂力影响极显著，品种对马铃薯压缩变形量影响显著；差异性分析显示：加载方向对破裂力影响不显著，但z向加载对马铃薯压缩变形量影响较大；15，25和35 mm/min 的加载速率对破裂力均有显著影响，当加载速率为45和55 mm/min时，二者对破裂力影响的显著性表现一致；品种的差异性对压缩变形量有显著影响。【结论】马铃薯整茎压缩试验结果为甘肃产马铃薯的收获、贮藏、运输及加工装备的设计研究提供了必要的力学参数。 |
| 关键词: 马铃薯 压缩力学 机械损伤 |
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| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目“西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范”（2012BAD14B10） |
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| Mechanical compression of whole tuber potato |
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SHI Lin-rong,WU Jian-min,SUN Wei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Mechanical properties for compression of whole tuber potatoes were analyzed to reduce mechanical damage of potato in harvesting process.【Method】Whole tuber potatoes from two widely growing species in Gansu with moisture content of about 56.8% were compressed with 5 different loading rates (15,25,35,45,and 55 mm/min) and 3 different loading directions (x direction:the connection direction umbilicus and vertex of potato tuber,y direction:the short axis direction of radial section of potato tuber,and z direction:the long axis direction of radial section of potato tuber) were compressed to analyze the significance and difference in rupture force and deformation.【Result】Significance analysis showed:loading direction affected rupture force significantly,loading rate affected rupture force extremely significantly,and varieties of potato affected deformation significantly.Difference analysis showed:loading direction did not affect rupture force significantly,but z direction loading had great impacts,and 15,25 and 35 mm/min loading rates affected rupture force significantly,45 and 55 mm/min loading rates impacted rupture force similarly,and varieties affected deformation significantly.【Conclusion】The compression test provided necessary mechanical parameters for harvesting,storage,transportation and process of potatoes in Gansu. |
| Key words: potatoes compression mechanical damage |
