| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同来源非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)对体外瘤胃发酵和养分利用的影响。【方法】配制NFC来源分别为玉米淀粉、果糖、低聚果糖和多聚果糖的4种苜蓿 豆粕型日粮，用饲喂60 d后的4只安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年山羊提供瘤胃液，对4种NFC来源日粮进行体外发酵试验，测定产气量、发酵液pH、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)产量、木聚糖酶和羧甲基纤维素酶活性、甲烷产量及干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的表观消失率。【结果】不同来源NFC日粮DM和NDF的表观消失率差异显著或极显著，最高值均出现在玉米淀粉组，其余处理组DM表观消失率差异不显著，果糖组的NDF表观消失率较低；NFC来源极显著影响TVFA产量，其最高和最低值分别出现在多聚果糖和玉米淀粉组；玉米淀粉组丙酸占TVFA物质的量的比例显著或极显著低于其他3个处理组，但丁酸、异丁酸和异戊酸占TVFA物质的量的比例显著或极显著高于其他3个处理组。玉米淀粉组的产气量和多聚果糖组的甲烷产量与果糖组无显著差异，但显著或极显著高于其他2组。NFC来源对体外瘤胃发酵液pH、木聚糖酶和羧甲基纤维素酶活性、乙酸和戊酸占TVFA物质的量的比例及甲烷与TVFA物质的量比无显著影响。【结论】与果糖、低聚果糖和多聚果糖组相比，玉米淀粉组日粮的DM和NDF表观消失率及丁酸占TVFA物质的量的比例极显著升高，而TVFA产量及丙酸占其物质的量的比例极显著降低；与果糖和低聚果糖组相比，多聚果糖组日粮的NDF表观消失率和TVFA产量均更高。 |
| 关键词: 非纤维性碳水化合物 瘤胃发酵 养分利用 甲烷 |
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| 基金项目:科技部国际科技合作与交流专项（2010DFB34230）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD12B02，2012BAD39B05）；陕西省“13115”科技创新工程技术研究中心项目（2010ZDGC-02） |
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| Effects of non-fiber carbohydrates sources on ruminal fermentation and nutrient utilization in vitro |
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LIU Chan-juan,ZHAO Xiang-hui,LI Chao-yun,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study investigated the effects of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) from different sources on ruminal fermentation and nutrient utilization in vitro.【Method】Alfalfa-soybean meal with 4 different NFC sources (corn starch,sucrose,fructo oligosaccharide,and poly fructose) was designed.Rumen fluid was obtained from four ruminally fistulated goats fed for 60 d to ferment the four diets.The ruminal fermentation fluid pH,gas,production rate of total volatile fatty acid (TVFA),activities of xylanase and carboxymethyl cellulose enzymes,methane production,and the apparent disappearance rates of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were determined.【Result】Apparent disappearance rates of DM and NDF of 4 NFC sources were significantly/extremely significantly different,and both showed the highest in corn starch group.Apparent disappearance rate of NDF was low.Sources of NFC extremely significantly affected TVFA production rate,and the maximum and minimum values occurred in the poly fructose group and the corn starch group,respectively.Ratio of acetate to TVFA was the lowest in corn starch group,while ratios of butyrate,isobutyric and isovaleric to TVFA were greater than other treatments.Gas production rate of corn starch group and methane production rate of poly fructose group were similar to sucrose group,but significantly/extremely significantly greater than other groups.Effects of NFC sources on in vitro ruminal fermentation fluid pH,activities of xylanase and carboxymethyl cellubse enzymes,the molar ratios of acetic acid and valeric acid to TVFA,and mass ratio of methane to TVFA were not significant.【Conclusion】Compared with sucrose,fructo oligosaccharide and poly fructose groups,the apparent disappearance rates of diet DM and NDF,and molar ratio of acetate to TVFA in starch group were extremely significantly increased,while TVFA production rate and molar ratio of propionate to TVFA were extremely significantly decreased.Compared with fructose and fructo oligosaccharidepoly treatments, poly fructose group had higher fiber degradation rate and TVFA production rate. |
| Key words: non-fibre carbohydrates ruminal fermentation nutrient utilization methane |
