| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究野生猪苓菌株的最佳分离、培养方法，为猪苓的深入研究和人工栽培提供参考。【方法】对采自陕西眉县太白山野生猪苓进行菌核组织分离和子实体孢子分离，比较2种方法所得菌株菌丝的生长情况。以子实体孢子分离所得菌株为材料，分析不同培养基、碳源、氮源、生长因子、矿质元素和栽培代料对其菌丝生长的影响。【结果】采用子实体孢子分离法所得猪苓菌株菌丝生长情况较菌核组织分离法好；PDA培养基、GPY培养基和麦芽汁培养基适用于野生猪苓菌的分离。分别以糊精、果糖为碳源，蚕蛹粉、酪素为氮源时，它们对猪苓菌丝生长的促进作用都非常显著；以1.2 mL/L玉米浆作为生长因子时，菌丝生长速率最高。适宜质量浓度的矿质元素对猪苓菌丝生长都有促进作用，其中以0.018 g/L MnSO4的效果最好；用腐殖土、木棒和树叶为主要填充基质的代料更利于猪苓菌丝的生长。【结论】获得了野生猪苓菌株菌丝生长的最佳分离和培养条件。 |
| 关键词: 猪苓 分离培养 菌丝生长 萌发 代料栽培 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省“13115”重大科技专项（2010ZDKG-109）；国家工信部药材基地建设项目 |
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| Isolation and culture conditions for high-yield strains of wild Polyporus umbellatus |
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LI Wen-rui,CHEN De-yu,LIANG Zong-suo,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Optimal isolation and cultivation conditions for wild Polyporus umbellatus were studied to improve artificial cultivation of P.umbellatus.【Method】 Wild P.umbellatus was obtained from Taibai mountain in Shaanxi province,China.Mycelial growth of strains obtained from sclerotium tissue isolation and fruiting body spore isolation was compared.Strains from fruiting body spore isolation were used to study the effects of culture medium,carbon source,nitrogen source,growth factor,mineral element and cultivation material on mycelial growth.【Result】The growth of strains isolated from fruiting body spore was better than that from sclerotium tissue,and PDA,GPY and wort mediums were suitable for the isolation of wild P.umbellatus.Carbon sources like dextrin and fructose,and nitrogen sources like silkworm chrysalis powder and casein,significantly promoted mycelial growth.The highest mycelial growth rate was found using 1.2 mL/L corn pulp as the growth factor.Mineral elements with appropriate mass concentrations also significantly upgraded mycelial growth,and 0.018 g/L of MnSO4 was the best.Cultivation material using humus soil stick and leaves as the main filling materials was the best.【Conclusion】The optimal conditions for isolation and cultivation of wild P.umbellatus were obtained. |
| Key words: Polyporus umbellatus isolated culture mycelial growth germination substitute cultivation |
