| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析气候变暖对天水市冬小麦生育期的影响，以揭示小麦对气候变暖的响应，为探讨当地小麦的适宜播种期和小麦作物带的变迁以及种植业结构调整和粮食安全生产提供理论依据。【方法】利用甘肃省天水市的相关气象资料（气温、负积温、地温），结合天水市农业科学研究所1979-2007年的小麦生育期资料，应用DPS软件，建立小麦生育期与气温的回归模拟方程，探讨小麦生育期与气温的关系及变化趋势。【结果】天水市平均气温、四季平均气温、地温均呈现上升趋势，负积温绝对值呈减少趋势。平均气温、负积温、平均地温与小麦全生育期均呈负相关关系，出苗-拔节期与冬季、春季平均气温呈负相关关系。1979-2007年，随着冬小麦全生育期平均气温的升高，天水冬小麦对气候变暖的响应主要表现为拔节期、抽穗期、成熟期缩短，其中拔节期、抽穗期、成熟期分别缩短了4.261，2.759，4.811 d/10年；气温升高使出苗-拔节期、抽穗-成熟期缩短，拔节-抽穗期延长。【结论】气候变暖已对天水市冬小麦的生长发育产生了较大影响，冬小麦全生育期缩短趋势明显。 |
| 关键词: 气候变暖 平均气温 地温 冬小麦 生育期 天水市 |
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| 基金项目:甘肃省自然科学基金项目（1107RJZE260） |
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| Effects of climate warming on winter wheat growth in Tianshui City |
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LÜ Li-li,ZHAO Guo-liang,GAO Qiang,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study analyzed the effects of climate warming on the growth of winter wheat in Tianshui City to reveal the response of winter wheat to climate warming and explore the suitable sowing period for local winter wheat and changes in winter wheat belt.It could also improve planting structure adjustment and food security.【Method】Using meteorological data in Tianshui City,Gansu Province (annual mean temperature,negative accumulated temperature,and ground temperature),and winter wheat growth data from the Institute of Agriculture Sciences of Tianshu in 1979-2007,the equation of relationship between wheat growth period and temperature was regressed with DPS software.【Result】Annual average temperature,average temperature,and ground temperature increased while absolute value of negative accumulated temperature decreased from 1979 to 2007.Annual mean temperature,negative accumulated temperature,and the average temperature were negatively correlated with growth period of winter wheat,and average temperatures in winter and spring were negatively related to seeding shooting period.As the increase of average temperature during growth of winter wheat since 1979,climate warming decreased the durations of shooting stage,spiking stage,and maturity stage shortened by 4.261,2.759,and 4.811 d/10a,respectively.Seeding-shooting period and spiking-maturity period were shortened as well while shooting-spiking period was extended.【Conclusion】 Climate warming significantly reduced the growth period of winter wheat in Tianshui. |
| Key words: climatic warming average temperature ground temperature winter wheat growth stage Tianshui City |
