| 摘要: |
| 【目的】调查云南干热河谷地区木棉科植物根及根际周围的丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）分布状况，为筛选对干热河谷木棉生长有明显促进作用的AMF提供理论依据。【方法】采用湿筛沉淀法，从云南干热河谷的元阳、元江、东川、元谋、宾川和怒江6个地区的木棉须根及其所带土壤中分离AMF孢子，在体视镜下观察记录孢子的颜色、大小、连孢菌丝的特征、孢子果形态等；在此基础上，用微吸管挑取孢子置于载玻片上，加浮载剂（蒸馏水、乳酸、乳酸甘油、Melzer’s 试剂）在Nikon 显微镜下观察，对孢子颜色、大小，孢壁颜色、类型、厚度等指标进行鉴定。【结果】从云南干热河谷6个地区的野生及人工栽培的木棉中，共分离鉴定出AMF 3属6种，分别为幼套球囊霉Claroideoglomus etunicatum、摩西球囊霉Funneliformis mosseae、何氏球囊霉Glomus hoi、缩球囊霉Funneliformis constrictum、苏格兰球囊霉Glomus caledonium 和细凹无梗囊霉Acaulospora scrobiculata。AMF 在不同区域、不同季节和不同栽培环境下的分布规律不同，旱季较少，雨季较多；野生环境中多，人工栽培环境少。【结论】在云南干热河谷地区，幼套球囊霉和摩西球囊霉较其他AMF出现频率更高，孢子数量较多，初步认为这2种是该区域木棉科植物丛枝菌根真菌的优势种。 |
| 关键词: 木棉科 丛枝菌根真菌 干热河谷 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业(林业)研究专项 (201104034)；国家自然科学基金项目（31260175）；云南省高校干热河谷植被恢复创新团队项目；云南省重点学科森林保护学项目（XKZ200905）；云南省高等学校森林病虫害综合治理教学团队项目 |
|
| AMF isolated from Bombacaceae plants in Dry and Hot Valley of Yunnan |
|
WU Jian-rong,WANG Yang,ZHAO Chun-yan,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the resource and distribution of Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) in roots and rhizospheres of Bombacaceae plants in Dry and Hot Valley of Yunnan.This study may improve the screen of efficient strains which would enhance the growth of Bombacaceae plants in Dry and Hot Valley.【Method】AMF spores were separated by wet sieve precipitation separation from the fine roots and attached soil of Bombacaceae plants in Yuanyang,Yuanjiang,Dongchuan,Yuanmou,Binchuan and Nujiang in Dry and Hot Valley.The color,size,hyphae characteristics,and fruit morphology of the spores were recorded with stereo mirror.Then the spores were placed on a microscope slide using straw before being observed with floating agents (water,lactic acid,lactic acid glycerin,and Melzer’s reagent) in Nikon microscope.The spores were identified based on color,size,wall thickness and color,type and other indicators.【Result】The strains isolated from wild and cultivated Bombacaceae plants in 6 areas of Dry and Hot Valley of Yunnan Province belonged to 3 genus and 6 species.They were Claroideoglomus etunicatum,Funneliformis mosseae,Glomus hoi,Funneliformis constrictum,Glomus caledonium,Acaulospora scrobiculata.The distribution of AMF varied in different areas,seasons and cultivation situations.There were more AMF from wild Bombacaceae plants than from cultivated plants.【Conclusion】The occurrence frequency and spore number of Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Funneliformis mosseae were higher than those of other species in Dry and Hot Valley of Yunnan.Thus,they were considered as the dominant AMF species in this area. |
| Key words: Bombacaceae Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi(AMF) Dry-Hot Valley |
