| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究甘蓝小孢子供体植株的株龄、栽培环境以及环境温度对胚产量的影响，为提高甘蓝小孢子胚产量提供参考。【方法】以12个甘蓝品种为试材，从露地栽培的成株与半成株，栽培于温室与露地的同一品种成株及温室栽培采用24，28，32 ℃处理的甘蓝成株上采摘花蕾，分析其游离小孢子的胚产量，比较3种因素对甘蓝小孢子诱导出胚的影响。【结果】甘蓝半成株花蕾品质优于成株，其花蕾小孢子胚产量为16.8～30.3胚/蕾，高出成株9.6～18.7胚/蕾；温室栽培有利于甘蓝植株生长，其胚产量为3.27～33.84胚/蕾，比露地栽培高0.69～15.16胚/蕾；温室最高气温28 ℃处理有利于甘蓝小孢子诱导出胚，胚产量最高，为31.1胚/蕾。【结论】甘蓝半成株于温室28 ℃下生长时，其花蕾小孢子能够获得较高的胚产量。 |
| 关键词: 甘蓝 露地栽培 温室栽培 环境温度 株龄 小孢子 胚状体 |
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| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-25-G-47）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD02B01）；陕西省教育厅科学研究项目（自然科学专项）（11JK0642）;陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目（2012K01-09-2）；西北农林科技大学农业科技推广基金项目(NYY2012-9)；杨凌职业技术学院科学研究基金项目（A2010014） |
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| Influence of plant age,cultivation environment and temperature on cabbage embryo induction by isolated microspore culture |
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ZHANG En-hui,CHENG Fang-fang,YANG An-ping,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of plant age,cultivation environment and temperature on the embryo induction rate.【Method】12 cabbage varieties were taken as experimental materials.Buds were picked from adult and semi-adult cabbages in open field,same adult cabbages in greenhouse and open field,and adult cabbages in greenhouses with temperatures of 24,28,and 32 ℃.Their microspore embryo production was analyzed and the effects of plant age,cultivation environment and temperature were compared.【Result】The buds quality of semi-adult cabbages was better than that of adult cabbages.The embryo production rates of semi-adults were 16.8-30.3 embryo/bud,which were 9.6-18.7 embryo/bud higher than that of adult cabbages.Greenhouse cultivation benefited plant growth with the embryo production rates of 3.27-33.84 embryo/bud,which were 0.69-15.16 embryo/bud higher than that of open cultivation.Greenhouse with the highest temperature of 28 ℃ was the best for embryo production with a production rate of 31.1 embryo/bud.【Conclusion】Semi-adult cabbages planted in a greenhouse with the highest temperature of 28 ℃ had the highest embryo production. |
| Key words: cabbage open culture greenhouse culture environment temperature plant age microspore embryoid |
