| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确苹果绵蚜在饥饿状态下的存活能力和温、湿度对苹果绵蚜耐饥饿能力的影响。【方法】在实验室控制条件下，研究苹果绵蚜不同虫态及其在供食叶片、供食枝条（只供食叶片和枝条，但不保湿、不更换）、完全饥饿（空白对照，不提供食物）3种处理下的耐饥饿能力，以及完全饥饿条件下不同温度（15～31 ℃）、湿度（40%～80%）对苹果绵蚜耐饥饿能力的影响。【结果】苹果绵蚜低龄若蚜存在逃逸现象，表现出较强的活动能力。苹果绵蚜的耐饥饿能力由强到弱依次为4龄若蚜>雌成蚜>3龄若蚜>2龄若蚜>1龄若蚜；不同处理的耐饥饿能力表现为供食枝条＞供食叶片＞空白对照。在饥饿条件下，苹果绵蚜的存活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低，且均呈初期缓慢、中间较快、后期缓慢的下降趋势。在温度为15～31 ℃时，温度越高，苹果绵蚜的耐饥饿能力越弱；在湿度为40％～80％时，湿度越低，其耐饥饿能力也越弱。【结论】苹果绵蚜特别是4龄若蚜具有较强的耐饥饿能力，对恶劣环境具有较强的耐受性，即使在恶劣的环境条件下也具有传播扩散的潜在危险，环境对苹果绵蚜的耐饥饿能力影响较大。 |
| 关键词: 苹果绵蚜 耐饥饿能力 存活能力 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省农业攻关项目（2008K01-04）；世界银行资助项目（Y/SHYL/XY/050） |
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| Starvation endurance ability of Eriosoma lanigerum |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aiming at clarifying the viability and the influence of temperature and humidity on the starvation endurance ability of E.lanigerum under starvation conditions.【Method】The ability of E.lanigerum to endure starvation in treatments with leaves,leaves and branches without humidification or change,and nothing,and the influence of temperature and humidity on the starvation endurance ability of E.lanigerum were studied under controlling conditions.The surviving amount was recorded every 8 hours.【Result】Escape phenomenon was observed in younger age of E.lanigerum,indicating their abilities were stronger.Starvation endurance abilities of E.lanigerum were in a decreasing order of 4nd instar>adult female>3rd instar>2nd instar>1st instar.Starvation endurance abilities of E.lanigerum in three treatments were in a decreasing order of leaves and branches>leaves>nothing.Under starvation conditions,the survival rate of E.lanigerum decreased as the increase of starvation period,and the descending trends were slow in the early stage,faster in the middle stage,and slow again in the later stage.When temperature ranged within 15－31 ℃,the higher the temperature was,the weaker the starvation endurance ability was;when the relative humidity ranged within 40%－80%,the lower the relative humidity was,the weaker the starvation endurance ability was.【Conclusion】E.lanigerum,especially 4nd instar,had strong starvation endurance ability and its endurance ability to severe environment was strong,indicating potential to spread even under severe conditions.Habitat had great impact on the ability of E.lanigerum to endure starvation. |
| Key words: Eriosoma lanigerum starvation endurance ability survival ability |
