| 摘要: |
| 【目的】通过对太白山不同植被区域中野生药用植物资源的调查，研究药用植物区系特征，探明不同植被类型下药用植物资源的分布规律。【方法】采用样点调查法，并划分阔叶林区、针叶林区、针阔叶混交林区和高山灌草丛区4个植被类型区，在其中设立样方，研究太白山不同植被类型区药用植物的生长型、区系的基本组成及地理成分。【结果】太白山典型植被群落中共有野生药用植物221种，隶属75科180属。参照Whittaker生长型系统，将植物生长型划分为草本、灌木、乔木和藤本4类，其中有草本类药用植物119种，灌木类药用植物62种，乔木类药用植物17种，藤本类药用植物23种。针叶林区和阔叶林区药用植物较为丰富，而针阔混交林区和高山灌草丛区药用植物相对比较贫乏。太白山自然保护区75科180属药用植物的科属均可划分为13个分布区类型，分布区类型多样，且与世界各地联系广泛，其中温带性科属占有主要优势。【结论】药用植物物种多样性与海拔高度和一定的植被群落类型有关，不同森林群落乔木层植被的生长状况和生长特性，改变了林下光照和养分的循环，从而影响林下植物的生长。 |
| 关键词: 药用植物 植被类型区 典型植被群落 植物区系基本组成 地理成分 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项（200904004） |
|
| Flora characteristics of wild medicinal plants in typical vegetation areas in Taibai Mountain |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Through the survey on wild medicinal plant resources of different vegetation areas in Taibai Mountain,flora characteristics of medicinal plants were studied and the distribution law of medicinal plants resources in different vegetation areas was investigated.【Method】According to the sample point surveys, four vegetation type areas including Broadleaf forest area,Coniferous forest area,needle and broad-leaved mixed forest area and Alpine shrub grass area were specified.Then we established samples for each vegetation type.Growth form,basic composition of flora and geographical element of medicinal plants in different vegetation areas were studied.【Result】There were 221 wild medicinal plants among typical vegetation communities in Taibai Mountain Nature Reserve,which subordinated to 75 families and 180 genera.According to Whittaker growth form system,the plant growth forms were divided into 4 kinds,including herb,shrub,arbor and vine.There were 119 herb medicinal plants,62 shrub medicinal plants,17 arbor medicinal plants and 23 vine medicinal plants.The medicinal plants of coniferous forest area and broadleaf forest area were abundant,while the medicinal plants of needle and broad leaved mixed forest area and alpine shrub grass area were deficient.All areal types could be divided into 13 kinds.The flora had wide relationship with other regions,the areal types of the flora were various,and the temperate elements in the families and genera had advantages.【Conclusion】Diversities of medicinal plants were related to height above sea level and certain vegetation community types.The growth status and growth characteristics of different forest communities in arbor layer changed forest light,nutrient cycle,and the growth of undergrowths. |
| Key words: medicinal plants vegetation type areas typical vegetation communities basic composition of flora geographical element |
