| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确K型温敏雄性不育小麦的配子传递方式及遗传模式。【方法】以K型1B/1R小麦雄性不育系K3314A，K型非1B/1R雄性不育系A731和A116，保持系116B、731B及恢复系KR783、桑榆3号和WM5-5为材料，构建了4个群体K3314A//KR783/731B、A731//KR783/731B、A116//A116/桑榆3号和A116//116B/WM5-5，分别调查其亲本及后代的自交结实率和单倍体发生的频率，结合植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型进行遗传分析。【结果】1BS染色体片段代换了1RS染色体片段后，非1B/1R类型不育系及其后代不产生单倍体；不育系核内基因主要由雌配子传递，属配子体不育类型；育性受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因共同控制，且2对主基因控制育性的作用相当，在B2群体中主基因的遗传率最高。【结论】杂合1B/1R核型要比纯合1B/1R核型产生的单倍体频率高；在K型不育系育性相关基因定位的群体选择中，只有组配不育系//保持系/恢复系的后代，才会出现不育和可育的分离；该类型小麦温敏雄性不育系中有2个主效基因的存在，同时受多基因的修饰作用。 |
| 关键词: K型温敏雄性不育 配子体不育 遗传模型 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31271792）；陕西省自然科学基金项目（2011JM3007） |
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| Genetic analysis on thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile wheat lines with Aegilops kotschyi |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 This study aimed to clarify gamete transfer mode and inheriting model of K-type TCMS wheat.【Method】Four groups,K3314A//KR783/731B,A731//KR783/731B,A116//A116/Sangyu 3# and A116//116B/WM5-5 were built.The frequencies of haploid and the self-setting rates of parents and progenies were investigated.Genetic analysis was carried out with mixed inheritance model of quantitative trait gene+polygenes.【Result】The sterile line and its progenies could not produce haploids when 1RS chromosome segment was substituted by 1BS chromosome segment.It was a gametophytic type due to its nuclear gene mainly passing through female gamete and its fertility was determined by two pairs of genes,namely additive-dominance-epistasis major genes+additive-dominance-epistasis polygenes,and they had the equal effects on fertility controlling.B2 group had the highest major gene heritability.【Conclusion】The heterozygous 1B/1R karyotype had a higher frequency of haploid than pure 1B/1R karyotype.Group selection for fertility-related genes of K-type TCMS should only consider the combination of sterile line//maintenance line/restorer line.There were two major genes in this TCMS wheat line and they were modified by polygenes. |
| Key words: thermo-sensitive male sterility gamete transmitting inheriting model |
