| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨土壤紧实胁迫对桔梗生长的影响，为通过创造良好的土壤结构提高桔梗药材产量与品质提供科学依据。【方法】采用人为设置土壤体积质量1.20,1.35和1.50 g/cm3来模拟土壤紧实度，通过盆栽试验研究了土壤体积质量对桔梗生长、产量及品质的影响。【结果】土壤紧实胁迫使桔梗地上部、根系鲜质量和干质量逐渐减少，在土壤体积质量1.20与1.35 g/cm3处理之间差异不显著，但在土壤体积质量1.50 g/cm3时极显著降低。土壤体积质量为1.35 g/cm3处理桔梗的根冠比最大，此时桔梗根系与地上部的生长相对比较协调。桔梗中桔梗皂苷D含量表现为，土壤体积质量1.35 g/cm3处理＞土壤体积质量1.50 g/cm3处理＞体积质量1.20 g/cm3处理。随着土壤体积质量增大，桔梗根系活力、叶绿素含量降低，可溶性蛋白含量随之减少,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随之增强，丙二醛(MDA)含量随之增加。【结论】在本试验条件下，土壤体积质量为1.20～1.35 g/cm3时，有利于桔梗地上部和根系的生长及产量的增加，但在土壤体积质量为1.50 g/cm3更有利于桔梗皂苷D的积累。 |
| 关键词: 桔梗 土壤紧实度 生物量 桔梗皂苷 |
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| 基金项目:商洛市科技计划项目(2009SKJ004)；陕西省教育厅科研计划项目（2013JK0731） |
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| Effects of soil compaction stress on growth,quantity and quality of Platycodon grandiflorum |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the effects of soil compaction stress on growth of Platycodon grandiflorum to improve the quantity and quality of P.grandiflorum by forming good soil structure.【Method】A pot experiment was carried out to study effects of soil compaction on growth,quantity and quality of P.grandiflorum by simulating soil compaction with soil bulk densities of 1.20,1.35 and 1.50 g/cm3,respectively.【Result】Soil compaction stress decreased the subsoil root system fresh weight and dry weight gradually.However,there was no significant difference in treatments of 1.20 and 1.35 g/cm3.In treatment of 1.50 g/cm3,there was a clear decrease in subsoil root system fresh weight and dry weight.The maximum root/shoot ratio was from soil bulk density of 1.35 g/cm3,and root system and ground growth were relatively coordinated.The contents of Platycodin D were different with different soil bulk densities,in an decreasing order of 1.35 g/cm3>1.50 g/cm3 1.20 g/cm3.With the increase of soil bulk density,the activity of root system and chlorophyll of P.grandiflorum and contents of soluble protein decreased,while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD),catalase,and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased.【Conclusion】Soil with bulk density of 1.20－1.35 g/cm3 was more suitable to the growth of root system and ground part,and the increase of biomass,while soil with bulk density of 1.50 g/cm3 was more suitable to the accumulation of Platycodin D. |
| Key words: Platycodon grandiflorum soil bulk density biomass Platycodin D |
