| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨浅层地温变化对石家庄地区主要农作物生长的影响，以指导农作物生长趋利避害，适应气候变化。【方法】利用石家庄地区主要农作物1989-2010年历年气候单位面积产量（单产）和逐日浅层地温观测数据，采用周期对比和相关分析方法，研究了石家庄地区浅层地温变化对主要农作物（冬小麦、夏玉米、花生、棉花和大豆）生长的影响。【结果】石家庄地区浅层地温周期较主要农作物气候单产周期长2年左右，而浅层地温暖（冷）期较主要农作物气候单产增产（减产）时段提早出现1～3年；主要农作物在浅层地温暖期是一个增产过程，冷期是一个减产过程；浅层地温变化对棉花和花生播种出苗影响较大，对夏玉米、大豆、冬小麦出苗影响较小；浅层地温变化对冬小麦生长发育和安全越冬影响较大，对夏玉米、大豆、棉花和花生生长发育影响较小。【结论】浅层地温变化对作物出苗、生长和发育存在一定影响，应根据浅层地温变化预测结果选择种植适宜的作物。 |
| 关键词: 浅层地温变化 农作物生长 周期对比 |
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| 基金项目:国家重大科学研究计划“973”项目（2012CB956200）；国家自然科学基金项目（41225018） |
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| Effects of shallow layer ground temperature variation on growth of staple crops in Shijiazhuang |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Shallow layer ground temperature’s impacts on growth of staple crops were investigated.【Method】Based on annual yield per unit of climatic staple crops and daily shallow layer ground temperature data from 1989 to 2010 in Shijiazhuang and cycle contrast and correlation analysis methods,shallow layer ground temperature’s impacts on growth of staple crops in Shijiazhuang were investigated.【Result】The results showed that shallow layer ground temperature’s period was about 2 years longer than climatic yield per unit.Warm period and cold period were about 1-3 years earlier than production increase and production decrease.Production increased in warm period of shallow layer ground temperature while production decreased in cold period.Shallow layer ground temperature variation had a larger effect on seeding of cotton and peanut while it had a less effect on corn,soybean and wheat.Shallow layer ground temperature variation had a larger effect on wheat’s growth and passing winter safely while it had a less effect on growth of corn,soybean,cotton and peanut.【Conclusion】Shallow layer ground temperature variation has a certain effect on crops’ seeding and growth.Suitable crops should be selected according to the forecast results of shallow layer ground temperature variation. |
| Key words: shallow layer ground temperature variation growth of staple crops cycle contrast |
