| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同生态区甘蓝型油菜含油量的杂种优势及配合力，为甘蓝型油菜的高含油量育种提供参考。【方法】以6个含油量不同、遗传差距较大的高含油量甘蓝型油菜为亲本，按照Griffing完全双列杂交模式Ⅰ配制36个试验组合（正反交+亲本），在大荔冬油菜区和张掖春油菜区2个试验点进行随机区组试验，对F1代油菜籽含油量的杂种优势及配合力进行分析，并分析环境效应。【结果】在2个不同生态区仅有少数组合表现出正向超亲优势，在张掖春油菜区正向中亲优势组合比例为80.00%，含油量的杂种优势在不同生态区的表现有差异，但出现杂种优势的组合具有较高的一致性；不同环境下甘蓝型油菜含油量的广义遗传力均大于90%，狭义遗传力均接近80%；各亲本含油量一般配合力和特殊配合力均存在极显著差异，配合力虽受环境影响，但在不同环境下的表现趋势总体上一致；在张掖春油菜区，含油量正反交效应达极显著水平，而在大荔冬油菜区正反交效应并不显著。【结论】甘蓝型油菜含油量的遗传主要受加性基因控制，同时受非加性效应的影响；高含油量杂交油菜育种应以一般配合力较高的亲本为主；为春油菜区配制杂交种还需考虑组合的正反交差异。 |
| 关键词: 甘蓝型油菜 含油量 杂种优势 配合力 生态适应性 |
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| 基金项目:Heterosis and combining ability in oil contents of Brassica napus L.in different ecological regions |
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| 科学家岗位油菜现代产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-13) |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The heterosis and combining ability in oil contents of Brassica napus L.were studied in two ecological regions.【Method】 Thirty reciprocal crosses were made with 6 Brassica napus L.lines with different oil contents and genetic backgrounds as parents based on the Griffing Model Ⅰdesign,and a total of 36 accessions including 30 reciprocal crosses and 6 parents were planted in a randomized complete block design in two different ecological regions,spring rape area in Zhangye,Gansu province and winter rape area in Dali,Shaanxi province.Heterosis and combining ability in oil content were analyzed,and environmental effects were preliminarily observed.【Result】Only a few crosses exhibited over-parent heterosis in both ecological regions and most crosses exhibited certain mid-parent heterosis in spring rape area.The heterosis of oil content was various in different ecological regions,but the combinations with heterosis were generally consistent.The broad sense heritability of oil content was over 90% and the narrow sense heritability of oil content was more than 80%.The variances of both general combining ability and specific combining ability in oil contents were highly significant.The values of combining ability were variable in different ecological regions but the exhibitions were basically consistent.The reciprocal cross effect of oil content was highly significant in spring rape area but was not detected in winter rape area.【Conclusion】The inheritance of oil content of Brassica napus L.was mainly controlled by additive gene effect with affects from non-additive effect simultaneously.High-oil line with high general combining ability (GCA) are suitable parents in hybrid rapeseed development for high oil content and the reciprocal effects should be considered in the determination of spring rapeseed hybrid crosses. |
| Key words: i<>Brassica napus L. oil content heterosis combining ability ecological adaptation |
