| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同形态氮素对4种常见苹果砧木幼苗生长的影响，探讨苹果砧木对不同形态氮素的利用情况。【方法】以西府海棠（M.micromalus Hemsl）、新疆野苹果（M.sievesii（Ledeb）Roem）、富平楸子（M.prunifolia（Willd）Borkh）和平邑甜茶（M.hupehensis (pamp) Rehd）等4种常见苹果砧木为试材，采用水培的方法，研究铵态氮（NH+4-N，3.0 mmol/L (NH4)2SO4）、硝态氮（NO-3-N，2.5 mmol/L KNO3和1.735 mmol/L Ca(NO3)2）及铵态氮+硝态氮（NH+4-N+NO-3-N，其中1.5 mmol/L (NH4)2SO4 和 1.5 mmol/L NH4NO3的浓度比为3∶1）3种氮素处理下苹果砧木幼苗生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力和植物全氮含量的变化情况。【结果】不同形态氮素对4种苹果砧木幼苗生长的影响有明显差异，其中长势最好、生物量和植株全氮含量均最高的是平邑甜茶；西府海棠的叶绿素含量、植株全氮含量及干质量均较低。4种苹果砧木幼苗的根系活力均表现为硝态氮处理＞铵态氮+硝态氮处理＞铵态氮处理。3种处理中，铵态氮+硝态氮处理时4种砧木根系中的全氮含量均最高。对于平邑甜茶，铵态氮和硝态氮处理的干质量较高，且均显著高于铵态氮+硝态氮处理；对于富平楸子，以硝态氮处理的干质量高于铵态氮处理和铵态氮+硝态氮处理；对于西府海棠和新疆野苹果，不同氮素处理的生物量无显著差异。【结论】不同形态氮素对4种苹果砧木幼苗生长的影响不同，综合分析认为，硝态氮对苹果砧木幼苗生长较为有利。 |
| 关键词: 不同形态氮素 铵态氮 硝态氮 苹果砧木 幼苗生长 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目“苹果园提质增效关键技术研究与示范”（2011KTZB02-02-04）；西北农林科技大学推广专项“抗逆优质苹果新品种的选育与区域示范”（TGZX2012-11） |
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| Effects of nitrogen forms on growth of different %Malus rootstock seedlings |
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KANG Xiaoyu, SUN Xieping, CHANG Cong,et al
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Northwest A&F University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effect of different nitrogen forms on growth of four common Malus rootstock seedlings was studied to explore the utilization of Malus rootstock with different nitrogen forms.【Method】Hydroponic experiments were conducted to examine the effects of different forms of nitrogen supply (NH+4-N,3.0 mmol/L (NH4)2SO4and （NO-3-N,2.5 mmol/L KNO3 and 1.735 mmol/L Ca(NO3)2） and NH+4-N+NO-3-N,the concentration ratio was 3∶1,1.5 mmol/L (NH4)2SO4 on the biomass,chlorophyll content,root activity and total N content of four commoni Malus rootstocks （M.micromalus Hemsl,M.sievesii (Ledeb),M.prunifolia (Willd) Borkh,and M.hupehensis(pamp)Rehd）.【Result】The effect of different nitrogen forms on the growth of four kinds of Malus rootstock seedlings was significantly different.The growth vigor,the biomass and nitrogen content of M.hupehensis were all highest.The chlorophyll content,nitrogen content of whole plant and dry weight of i<>M.micromalus were lower.The root activities of four Malus rootstock seedlings were in the order of NO-3-N＞NH+4-N+NO-3-N＞NH+4-N.The plant total nitrogen of four Malus rootstock seedlings under the treatment of NH+4-N+NO-3-N were all highest.The dry weight of M.hupehensis under the treatment of NH+4-N and NO-3-N was much higher than NH+4-N+NO-3-N.For M.prunifolia,the dry weight under NO-3-N treatment was higher than NH+4-N and NH+4-N+NO-3-N.For M.micromalus and M.sievesii,the dry weights among different nitrogen treatments had no significant difference.【Conclusion】The effects of different nitrogen forms on the growth of four kinds of Malus rootstock seedlings are different.In total,NO-3-N is good to growth of Malus rootstock seedlings. |
| Key words: forms of nitrogen nitrate nitrogen ammonium nitrogen Malus rootstock seedling growth |
