| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示采伐次数对栓皮栎伐桩萌苗生长的影响，探究栓皮栎矮林培育的理论依据。【方法】以秦岭北坡楼观台林区基径为10～15 cm的栓皮栎伐桩为研究对象，每4年为1个采伐周期，根据采伐次数将其划分为采伐1次、2次和3次，并于2007年最后采伐后连续4年统计每个伐桩的萌苗数、萌苗生长特征、当年生萌苗数，对比分析不同采伐次数与伐桩萌苗数量和生长的关系以及伐桩萌芽力。【结果】1)随着采伐次数的增加，伐桩总萌苗数量减少，2008年，每桩萌苗数量表现为2次采伐>1次采伐>3次采伐；2011年，每桩萌苗数量表现为1次采伐>2次采伐>3次采伐。2)随着采伐次数的增加，萌苗生长量下降。3)不同采伐次数下，伐桩萌苗数量与生长状况关系紧密，表现为萌苗数量与平均基径、冠幅呈显著负相关（P<0.05），采伐1次的伐桩萌苗平均高度随着萌苗数量增多先增高后降低，而采伐2次、3次后，伐桩萌苗高度随着萌苗数量增多持续减少。4)随着采伐次数增多，伐桩萌芽率降低，当年生萌苗存活率降低。【结论】采伐次数对栓皮栎伐桩萌苗数量和生长均有影响，多次采伐会降低伐桩萌生能力，增加萌苗死亡率。在长期矮林经营中，合理延长采伐周期，减少采伐次数，保留适宜的萌苗数量，能够促进萌苗生长，使其得到恢复。 |
| 关键词: 栓皮栎 矮林 采伐次数 伐桩萌芽力 无性繁殖 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项（201004011）；国家自然科学基金项目（30872018）；陕西重点基础研究项目（2009JZ005） |
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| Effects of cutting frequency on sprout growth of Quercus variabilis stump |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the effects of cutting frequency on updating of Quercus variabilis spourts,and to improve the cultivation of Q.variabilis coppice.【Method】In this study,120 Q.variabilis stumps with diameter of 10-15 cm were investigated to understand the relationship between the stump sprouting capability and sprout growth characteristics with different cutting frequencies during a cutting cycle of 4 years.All stumps that formed after clear cutting in 2007 were located in northern Qinling Mountains,Zhouzhi,Shaanxi Province.The stumps were split to one time cutting group,two times cutting group,and 3 times cutting group,respectively.【Result】1) With the increase of cutting frequencies,the number of seedlings decreased,the sprout number per stump of two times cutting was the best after one year of clear cutting (2008), followed by one time cutting,and three times cutting group was the worst.At 2011,the sprout number per stump of one time cutting was the best and three times cutting was the worst.2) With the increase of cutting frequencies,the sprout growth amount (base diameter,height,and crown width) decreased.The sprout growth amount of one time cutting was much larger than either two times cutting or three times cutting.3) There was a negative correlation between the sprout number per stump and the average base diameter,and crown width (P<0.05).Sprout average height of one time cutting stumps increased at first and then decreased slightly with the increase of sprout numbers.Sprout height of two times cutting and three times cutting decreased with the increase of sprout numbers.4) The sprouting percentage of stump declined significantly with the increase of cutting frequencies and the survival percentage of newborn sprouts decreased in different cutting frequencies.【Conclusion】Cutting frequency had significant influence on the sprout number per stump and the sprout growth amount.Results implied that multiple cutting had disadvantage to a quick recovery and reestablishment of vegetation.In the future,reasonable sprouts number should be improved to promote the growth of sprouting seedlings.Thinning cutting times should be taken to reestablishment of the vegetation. |
| Key words: Quercus variabilis stump sprout cutting frequency sprouting ability vegetative propagation |
