| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析柠条发酵粉复配鸡粪作为栽培基质对黄瓜生长发育的影响，探讨柠条粉作为栽培基质的可行性。【方法】采用随机区组设计，将柠条发酵粉与鸡粪按不同体积比设5个处理（1:40%鸡粪+30%柠条发酵粉+30%珍珠岩；2:30%鸡粪+40%柠条发酵粉+30%珍珠岩；3:20%鸡粪+50%柠条发酵粉+30%珍珠岩；4:10%鸡粪+60%柠条发酵粉+30%珍珠岩；5:草炭∶珍珠岩=2∶1），其中处理5为CK，研究柠条发酵粉复配基质物理性状及其对黄瓜盛果期功能叶叶绿素、光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数和产量的影响。【结果】柠条发酵粉中添加20%或30%鸡粪基质的干体积质量、总孔隙度、通气孔隙、持水孔隙与CK基质接近，大小孔隙比优于CK；与CK相比，这2个处理能提高黄瓜叶片的叶绿素含量、光合效率、功能叶片电子传递能力和PSⅡ潜在活性及光能转化效率，这2种基质栽培黄瓜的长度、直径、单果质量及产量等也表现良好。【结论】柠条发酵粉中添加20%或30%鸡粪在栽培黄瓜时为最适基质配比，柠条发酵粉具有作为栽培基质的潜能，可作为西北干旱地区设施无土栽培基质进行开发和利用。 |
| 关键词: 柠条粉 鸡粪 栽培基质 黄瓜 光合速率 叶绿素荧光 |
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| 基金项目:国家星火计划重大项目（2011GA880001）；宁夏重大科技攻关计划项目（2011ZDN0401）；宁夏“十二五”成果转化项目 |
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| Effects of caragana-straw ferment powder mixed with chicken dung on photosynthetic indexes and yields of cucumber |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Effects of caragana-straw ferment powder mixed with chicken dung on growth and development of cucumber and the feasibility of caragana-straw as cultural substrate were studied.【Method】Five treatments were randomly designed with different ratios of caragana-straw ferment powder to chicken dung（treatments one:40% chicken manure+30% caragana-straw fermentation+30% perlite,treatment two:30% chicken manure+40% caragana-straw fermentation+30% perlite,treatment three:20% chicken manure+50% caragana-straw fermentation+30% perlite,treatment four:10% chicken manure+60% caragana-straw fermentation+30% perlite,and treatment five as control:peat∶perlite=2∶1）.Influences on physical and chemical properties,functional leaves chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of cucumber in full fruit stage,parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction dynamics and other indicators and output were studied.【Result】Dry densities,total porosities,air-filled porosities and water holding porosities of treatments with 20% or 30% chicken dung in caragana-straw substrate were close to those of CK while air-water ratios were better.The two treatment also benefited to raise the cucumber leaves of chlorophyll contents,net photosynthesis rates,electron transferring,potential activities of PSⅡ,efficiencies of light energy conversion,total fruit lengths,diameters of fruit,fruit numbers,fruit weights and outputs.【Conclusion】The best substrate for living and growing of cucumber is compound of caragana-straw ferment powder with 20% or 30% chicken dung.Caragana-straw is a potential cultural substrate to be used in northwest arid regions. |
| Key words: caragana-straw chicken dung substrate cucumber photosynthesis rate chlorophyll fluorescence |
