| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提高一维洪水演进模型的计算精度，以更准确地模拟洪水的传播过程。【方法】根据山西省沁河复式河道的特点，利用Preissmann四点偏心隐式差分格式对圣维南方程组进行离散，建立了改进的洪水演进一维数值模型。根据Arcmap提取的沁河横断面资料，利用沁河张峰水文站至润城水文站1975-1977，1988，1993和1996年的实测洪水过程对模型的计算结果进行验证。【结果】历史洪水洪峰流量的计算值与实测值的相对误差在10%以内；张峰水文站最大相差水位为0.74 m，润城水文站最大相差水位为0.42 m，洪峰传播时间的最大差值为1.57 h；计算的水位和流量过程与实测结果吻合较好，可以利用改进的洪水演进一维数值模型对设计洪水的洪水演进过程进行计算。【结论】所建立的改进洪水演进一维数值模型合理可行，设计洪水的计算结果符合洪水的传播特性，可以将结果提供给二维计算，并作为堤防防洪能力预测的依据。 |
| 关键词: 沁河 洪水演进 改进一维模型 Preissmann四点偏心隐式差分格式 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”计划）项目（2012CB723201）；山西省重大水利科研基金项目（2010-11） |
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| Simulation of flood routing with compound cross-section in middle reach of the Qin River |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to improve the precision of one-dimensional flood routing model and to simulate the flood process more accurately.【Method】According to the characteristics of the compound cross-section in Qin River in Shanxi province,this paper presents an improved one-dimensional numerical model,which uses Preissmann off-center implicit scheme in dispersion of the De Saint-venant equations.Based on the transverse data extracted from topographic map with Arcmap,the model was calibrated by measured data on the reach of Qin River between hydrological stations Zhangfeng and Runcheng in 1975,1976,1977,1988,1993 and 1996.【Result】The relative error between peak discharge simulation value and actual measurement of historical flood was less than 10%.The biggest water level differences of Zhangfeng and Runcheng hydrological stations were 0.74 m and 0.42 m,respectively.The biggest flood duration difference was 1.57 h.The computed water levels and flow processes agreed with observations.It was feasible to simulate the design flood using the improved one-dimensional numerical model.【Conclusion】The improved one-dimensional numerical model was reasonable.The designed flood results accorded with the flood propagation characteristics.So it can provide information for two-dimensional calculation,and evaluate the prediction of flood prevention ability of levees. |
| Key words: Qin River flood routing improved one-dimensional numerical model Preissmann off-center implicit scheme |
