| 摘要: |
| 【目的】合成一种新型的氧含量高的麻风树源生物柴油，研究其理化性质及对发动机排放性能的影响。【方法】以精制麻风树油、甲醇和丙二醇乙醚为反应原料，以KOH为催化剂，制备麻风树油丙二醇乙醚酯，并运用红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁共振波谱（1H-NMR）分析技术，验证该生物柴油的分子结构。通过L9(34)正交试验，优化该生物柴油制备中酯交换反应的试验条件。用国标方法测定该生物柴油的理化性质（包括溶解性、闭杯闪点、凝点、烟点、运动黏度（40 ℃））。在发动机转速分别为1 400和2 000 r/min条件下，比较该生物柴油与0#柴油、麻风树油甲酯的碳烟排放。【结果】所得麻风树油丙二醇乙醚酯生物柴油的结构式为RCOOCH(CH3)CH2OCH2CH3。当甲醇与麻风树油的物质的量比为10∶1，催化剂KOH用量为原料油质量的1.2%、反应温度70℃、反应时间90 min时，麻风树油丙二醇乙醚酯生物柴油的产率高达91.3%。所制备生物柴油的溶解性等各项理化性能良好。在相同载荷条件下，该生物柴油的碳烟排放性能优于0#柴油和麻风树油甲酯。【结论】麻风树油丙二醇乙醚酯较传统生物柴油具有更高的氧含量和较低的碳烟排放，可以作为柴油添加剂，也可以代替柴油单独使用。 |
| 关键词: 麻风树油 生物柴油 氧含量 理化性能 排放性能 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“植物油醚基酯清洁代燃料研究”（50976125） |
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| Preparation and characterization of a novel biodiesel entitled jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】A novel biodiesel from jatropha oil with high oxygen content was synthesized in this study and its physicochemical properties and engine emissions performance were analyzed as well.【Method】The novel biodiesel named jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester was prepared using refined jatropha oil,methanol and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as reagents and KOH as catalyst,whose molecular structure was analyzed and validated by FT-IR and 1H-NMR.The optimum synthesis condition was determined by orthogonal test L9(34).The physicochemical properties of formed biodiesel and its blends with 0# diesel,including dissolubility,closed cup flash point,solid point,smoke point and kinematics viscosity (40 ℃),were tested by the national standard methods.Smoke emissions of 0# diesel,jatropha oil methyl ester and jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester were also measured with engine speeds of 1400 and 2000rpm,respectively.【Result】When molar ratio of methanol to jatropha oil was 10∶1,catalyst amount KOH was 1.2% of feedstock quality,reaction temperature was 70 ℃,and reaction time was 90 min,the yield of jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester can reach 91.3%.Jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester has good physical and chemical properties,and its engine performance was better than 0# diesel and Jatropha oil methyl ester under the same loads.【Conclusion】With the higher oxygen content than ordinary biodiesel,Jatropha oil propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester can not only be used as additive in diesel fuel,but also be used alone. |
| Key words: jatropha oil biodiesel oxygen content physical and chemical properties emission |
