| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对黄土台塬区县域耕地生产潜力现状进行评价。【方法】针对陕西合阳县耕地资源现状，选取立地条件（地貌类型、坡度、海拔）、耕层土壤速效养分（碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾）、理化性质（土壤pH、有机质）、剖面性状（土壤剖面构型、土壤结构）、农田管理（农田基础设施、灌溉能力、障碍类型） 5个方面的13个因子，建立耕地生产潜力评价体系，利用层次分析法和模糊评价法对合阳县耕地生产潜力进行定量分析。【结果】在陕西合阳县87 316.93 hm2耕地中，1～6级耕地面积分别为872.23，13 124.13，25 365.18，30 323.57，16 440.34，1 191.48 hm2。其中1～3级耕地主要为水浇地，集中分布在沿黄滩区或低台塬区；4级耕地多为旱地，主要位于平缓高台塬区；而5级和6级耕地则主要分布在坡度较陡的高台塬区和山地坡脚，地形破碎，土层较薄，速效养分含量低，且常伴有土壤侵蚀作用。【结论】成功建立了基于GIS的黄土台塬区县域耕地生产潜力评价体系，这为该地区耕地资源可持续利用及农业结构调整提供了理论依据，同时也为我国西北黄土台塬区耕地生产潜力评价体系构建与评价方法进行了有益探索。 |
| 关键词: 黄土高原 台塬区 耕地生产潜力 地理信息系统 |
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| 基金项目:国家教育部博士点专项基金项目（20090204120035）；中国博士后科学基金项目（20090451399）；西北农林科技大学“青年学术骨干支持计划”项目 |
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| Evaluation of productive potentials of farmlands in tableland region on the Loess Plateau based on GIS |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Evaluation of productive potentials of farmlands in tableland region on the Loess Plateau was implemented based on GIS.【Method】According to the present situation of the farmland resources in Heyang County,Shaanxi province,13 impact factors,including site condition(landform,slope and elevation),soil nutrient content(available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium),soil physicochemical character(pH and organic matter),profile situation(profile pattern and soil structure)and farmland management(farmland infrastructure,irrigation capacity and obstacle type),were chosen to establish the evaluation system of farmland productive potentials.And the evaluation was implemented using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation methods based on GIS.【Result】Farmland productivity in the study area can be classified into 6 levels with areas of 872.23,13 124.13,25 365.18,30 323.57,16 440.34 and 1 191.48 hm2,respectively.The first three grades were mainly irrigated lands,which intensively distributed in low tableland area and flood land along the Yellow River.The fourth grade was mainly dry lands which distributed in high tableland area.In contrast,the last two grade farmlands were mainly scattered in high tableland area and hillside land with broken terrain,shallow soil layer,low soil nutrient content and frequent soil erosion.【Conclusion】The evaluation result from this study is helpful for land sustainable use and agricultural structural adjustment in this area,and contributes to the exploration of other tableland regions on the Loess Plateau. |
| Key words: Loess Plateau tableland region farmland potential productivity geography information system |
