| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究中草药对罗非鱼无乳链球菌和海豚链球菌的抑菌活性，为生产中罗非鱼链球菌病害的防治提供参考。【方法】采用琼脂扩散法，测定153种中草药乙醇提取物对罗非鱼(Tilapia sp.)无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)和海豚链球菌(S.iniae)的体外抑菌作用，并采用二倍稀释法测定中草药乙醇提取物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。【结果】153种中草药中，博落回(Macleaya cordata)、十大功劳(Mahonia fortunei)、三颗针(Berberis spp.)、紫草(Lithospermum erythrorhizon)、田七须(Panax notoginseng)、补骨脂(Psoralea corylifolia)、田基黄(Hypericum japonicum)和五倍子(Galla chinensis)提取物对无乳链球菌表现出了明显的抑制活性，其中博落回的抑菌效果最显著，抑菌圈直径为（25.1±0.6） mm；博落回、千斤拨(Flemingia philippinensis)、田七须、甘草(Bidens bipinnata)、田基黄、败酱草(Patrinina villosa)、紫草、苦参(Sophora flavescens.)、补骨脂、北五味子(Schisandra chinensis)、五倍子、鬼针草(Bidens bipinnata)、虎刺（Damnacanthus indicus）、三颗针、翠云草(B.bipinnata)、羌活（Notopterygium incisum Ting ex）、香薷（Elsholtzia patrini Garcke）对海豚链球菌具有明显的抑菌活性，其中博落回的抑菌作用最强，抑菌圈直径为（24.3±1.1） mm。对抑菌活性较强的中草药的MIC和MBC进行了测定，结果表明，三颗针和博落回提取物的抑菌和杀菌效果均较好。三颗针、博落回对无乳链球菌和海豚链球菌的MIC和MBC分别为0.31，0.63；0.63，1.25和1.25，2.50；0.94，1.88 mg/mL。【结论】博落回、紫草、田基黄、补骨脂、三颗针、田七须和五倍子对无乳链球菌和海豚链球菌均具有较好的抑菌效果。 |
| 关键词: 中草药 无乳链球菌 海豚链球菌 抑菌活性 |
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| 基金项目:广西自然科学基金项目(桂科基0832021，桂科攻1123006-4)；中国科学院广西植物研究所基本业务费项目(桂植业10008，11009) |
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| The antimicrobial activities of 153 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines against the pathogen of Streptococcus from tilapia in vitro |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The antimicrobial effects of Chinese herbal medicines against the pathogen of Streptococcus from tilapia in vitro were studied.【Method】The antimicrobial effects of 153 Chinese herbal medicines were screened by disc agar diffusion.Double-dilution method was used to detect the minimal inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of some herb medicines which had significant inhibitory effects to streptococcus,pathogens from tilapia streptococcusis,Streptococcus iniae and S.agalactiae.【Result】The results showed that 8 kinds of Chinese herbs including Macleaya cordata,Mahonia fortunei,Lithospermum erythrorhizon,Berberis spp.,Hypericum japonicum，Panax notoginseng,Psoralea corylifolia,and Galla chinensie could effectively inhibit the growth of S.iniae,their minimal inhibitory concentrations and the minimal bactericidal concentrations were among 0.31－20.00 mg/mL and 0.63－20.00 mg/mL,respectively.Macleaya cordata had the best inhibitory effects with the diameter of inhibition zone(DIZ)of （24.3±1.1） mm.Macleaya cordata，Glycyrrhiza uralensi，Lithospermum erythrorhizon，Hypericum japonicum，Panax notoginseng，Flemingia philippinensis，Patrinina villosa，Sophora flavescens，Psoralea corylifolia，Schisandra chinensis，Bidens bipinnata，Selaginella uncinata，Berberis spp,.and Galla chinensis inhibited the growth of S.agalactiae,their minimal inhibitory concentrations and the minimal bactericidal concentrations were 1.25－20.00 mg/mL and 2.50－40.00 mg/mL,respectively.Macleaya cordata had the strongest inhibitory effects with the DIZ of （24.3±1.1） mm.Berberis spp.and Macleaya cordata were the two best medicines against Streptococcus iniae and S.agalactiae.The MIC and MBC of Berberis spp.were 0.31,0.63 mg/mL(Streptococcus iniae)and 1.25,2.50 mg/mL(S.agalactiae)while that of Macleaya cordata were 0.63,1.25 mg/mL(Streptococcus iniae)and 0.94,1.88 mg/mL(S.agalactiae).【Conclusion】The screening results confirmed the possible use of Chinese herbal medicines as a source of antimicrobial alternatives to control the streptococcus diseases in tilapia production. |
| Key words: Chinese herbal medicines Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus iniae antimicrobiol activities |
