| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对西北地区106种植物的杀虫活性进行测定，以期筛选出具较高杀虫活性的植物种类，为开发新型植物源杀虫剂提供参考。【方法】以粘虫3龄幼虫和小菜蛾3龄幼虫为试虫，采用小叶碟添加法，对供试植物样品的丙酮提取物进行室内杀虫活性测定。【结果】在1 g/mL的供试剂量下，甘草、中国粗榧等10种植物对粘虫24 h的拒食率在95.0%以上；牡丹、细柱五加、沙打旺、砂蓝刺头、白头翁和大籽蒿等6种植物对粘虫72 h的校正死亡率在50.0%以上。牡丹、中国粗榧、细柱五加、天名精和甘草等5种植物样品对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的48 h拒食率和72 h死亡率均在90.0%以上。【结论】细柱五加、牡丹、中国粗榧、天名精和甘草等5种植物对粘虫和小菜蛾幼虫均表现出较强的拒食和毒杀作用，有进一步研究价值。 |
| 关键词: 植物源农药 杀虫活性 粘虫 小菜蛾 |
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| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903052) |
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| Screening of the insecticidal activity of extracts from 106 plants in northwest area of China |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In this report we described the evaluating results covering 106 species of plants in the northwest area of China in order to find new plant materials for the development of botanical pesticide.【Method】Acetone extracts of 106 plants were evaluated for insecticidal activity against the 3rd larva of Mythimna separata W.and Plutella xylostella L.by a leaf dipping method,with concentration of 1 g/mL.【Result】Ten plant extracts showed strong antifeedant against the 3rd larvae of M.separata W.,and the antifeedant(24 h)was higher than 95.0%,six plant extracts showed obvious toxic activity against M.separata W.,and the mortality(72 h)was higher than 30.0%.In addition,Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W.Smith,Cephalotaxus sinensis (Rehd.Et Wils.)L.,Carpesium abrotanoides Linn.,Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.and Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.showed strong antifeedant and toxic activity against the 3rd larvae of P.xylostella L.,whose antifeedant(48 h)and mortality(72 h)were more than 90.0%.【Conclusion】The results suggested that extracts from A.gracilistylus W.W.Smith,P.suffruticosa Andr.,C.sinensis (Rehd.Et Wils.)L.,C.abrotanoides Linn.and G.uralensis Fisch exhibited both strong antifeedant and toxic activity against the two selected insects,and are well worth investigating. |
| Key words: botanical pesticide insecticidal activity Mythimna separata W. Plutella xylostella L. |
