| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析不同掺沙处理烟区黏质土壤的微生态特性，为烟区土壤改良提供理论依据。【方法】以陕西省安康市旬阳县神河镇烟草种植基地的黏质土壤为研究对象，对其进行掺沙处理（掺沙比例（体积比）分别为0，10%，20%，30%，40%），对不同掺沙处理的土壤微生物区系、呼吸强度以及土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶活性进行测定，并对掺沙后土壤微生态指标间的相关性进行分析。【结果】1）不掺沙处理烟区的土壤微生物总数最多，达3.94×106 CFU/g，与其他处理差异极显著；掺沙40%，30%和20%处理次之；掺沙10%处理最小。同一掺沙处理下，3种微生物数量总体表现为细菌＞放线菌＞真菌，且均以不掺沙处理最多。2）不同掺沙处理烟区土壤平均呼吸强度为5.49 μg/(g·h)，土壤呼吸强度由高到低依次为掺沙20%＞掺沙10%＞掺沙30%＞不掺沙＞掺沙40%，其中掺沙20%处理烟区土壤呼吸强度与其他处理差异达极显著水平。3）掺沙20%处理烟区土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性均最高，分别为465.18，2.23 μg/(g·h)和39.48 mL/(g·h)，掺沙10%和30%处理次之，不掺沙和掺沙40%处理最低；土壤磷酸酶活性以掺沙30%处理最高，与其他处理差异极显著。4）烟区土壤微生物数量与土壤酶活性和呼吸强度大多呈负相关；土壤呼吸强度与4种酶活性均呈正相关，其中与蔗糖酶活性的相关性达极显著水平；4种酶活性之间均呈正相关，其中蔗糖酶与脲酶活性的相关性达显著水平。【结论】掺沙20%的土壤整体表现出微生物呼吸较强，酶活性较高，各个微生态指标间相关性较为密切，故陕南烟草种植区对黏质土壤进行改良时，掺沙比例以20%为宜。 |
| 关键词: 烟区土壤 掺沙 微生物数量 呼吸强度 酶活性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家烟草局重点科技项目（ZDKJ20122008） |
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| Effects on micro-ecological characteristics in clayey soil of tobacco area under different sand adding proportions |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to analyze soil micro-ecological characteristics in different treatments of tobacco area depending on its measurement results so as to provide scientific basis for improving soil of tobacco area.【Method】The study chose clayey soil of tobacco area in Shenhe town of Ankang City in Shaanxi as its subjects and designed five treatments by adding sand to the soil(the adding proportion(volume)were 0,10%,20%,30%,40%),then assayed their soil microbe quantity,respiration rate and activities of soil sucrase,urease,catalase,phosphatase,and analyzed the correlation coefficients between different indices in micro-ecosystem under sand adding of tobacco area.【Result】1)The total quantity of microbe under the treatment with adding no sand was the highest and differed significantly,the quantity was about 3.94×106 CFU/g;The other treatments ranked in the order of adding 40%＞adding 30%＞adding 20%＞adding 10%;At the same treatment,the quantity of three kinds of microbe ranked in the order of bacterial＞actinomyces＞fungi,and the highest was the treatment with adding no sand and differed extremely significantly.2)The average respiration rate in different sand adding of tobacco area was 5.49 μg /(g·h)and the treatments ranked in the order of adding 20%＞adding 10%＞adding 30%＞no adding＞adding 40%,and the highest respiration rate was the treatment with adding 20% sand and the difference reached extremely significant level.3)The activity of sucrase,urease,catalase in the soil with adding 20% sand reached the best level,and the values were 465.18 μg/(g·h),2.23 μg/(g·h),39.48 mL/(g·h).The treatments adding 10% sand and adding 30% sand was the middle,no adding sand and adding 40% sand were the lowest;However,the activity of phosphatase was the best in the soil with adding 30% sand and differed extremely significantly.4)Correlation coefficients between the quantity of soil microbe and other indexes in different sand addings of tobacco area generally appeared negative correlation;Correlation coefficients between respiration rate and activity of four enzymes showed positive correlation and appeared extremely significant with the activity of sucrase;The activity of four enzymes generally showed positive correlation and appeared significant level between soil urease and catalase.【Conclusion】The soil with adding 20% sand as a whole showed higher respiration rate,enzyme activity and more close correlation among different micro-ecological indexes,therefore,adding sand of 20% is appropriate proportion to improve clayey soil of tobacco area in South Shaanxi. |
| Key words: soil of tobacco area sand adding quantity of microbe respiration rate enzyme activity |
