| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究晋西黄土丘陵区油松、杨树和刺槐3种典型人工林枯落物的持水特性。【方法】采集研究区油松、杨树和刺槐人工林不同层次枯落物，测定其蓄积量、最大持水量、吸水速率、最大吸湿比、有效拦蓄量等持水特性参数。【结果】3个树种人工林地中枯落物的蓄积量依次为油松林(13.72 t/hm2)＞杨树林(13.42 t/hm2)＞刺槐林(6.88 t/hm2)，枯落物的最大持水量依次为杨树林(18.83 t/hm2)＞油松林(14.24 t/hm2)＞刺槐林(11.44 t/hm2)，枯落物的最大吸湿比依次为刺槐林(2.85)＞杨树林(2.75)＞油松林(2.17)，枯落物的有效拦蓄量依次为杨树林(27.23 t/hm2)＞油松林(22.02 t/hm2)＞刺槐林(15.80 t/hm2)。3种人工林枯落物的吸水过程均表现为在浸水0～3 h持水量不断增大、吸水速率由最大不断下降，到4～12 h变化趋于平缓，到24 h变化基本达到动态平衡。建立了3种林枯落物持水量与浸水时间及吸水速率与浸水时间之间的关系式。【结论】杨树林枯落物的持水能力比油松林和刺槐林强，对土壤的水源涵养作用更明显。 |
| 关键词: 黄土丘陵区；枯落物；持水特性 晋西地区 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B06；2011BAD31B02)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(TD2011-2) |
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| Reserves and water capacity characteristics of three kinds of litter in loess hilly region of West Shanxi Province |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was to explore the effect of three species of plantations forest litter layer in the loess hilly region of west Shanxi province to improve soil and water conservation.【Method】The authors obtained hydrological characteristic parameters such as litter storage,water capacity,water absorption rate,moisture absorption and the modified interception amount through field investigation and laboratory experiment.【Result】The litter storage in three species of plantations forest was Pinus tabuliformis(13.72 t/hm2)＞Populus(13.42 t/hm2)＞Robinia pseudoacacia L(6.88 t/hm2).The litter maximum moisture capacity was Populus(18.83 t/hm2)＞Pinus tabuliformis(14.24 t/hm2)＞Robinia pseudoacacia L(11.44 t/hm2).The moisture absorption ratio was Robinia pseudoacacia L(2.85)＞Populus(2.75)＞Pinus tabuliformis(2.17).The litter modified interception amount was Populus(2.72 mm)＞Pinus tabuliformis(2.20 mm)＞Robinia pseudoacacia L(1.58 mm).The trends of water holding are all the same:in the first 3 hours the water capacity increased continuously while water absorption rate dropped down from the maximum;for the next 8 hours both the water capacity and water absorption rate changed mildly;finally they reached dynamic balance after 24 hours.The equation between the water holding capacity of the litter layer and the immerse time and,the equation between the water absorption rate of the litter layer and the immerse time was establishment.【Conclusion】Compared with Pinus tabuliformis and Robinia pseudoacacia L,the reserves and water capacity characteristics of Populus is the best,playing a more important role in improving soil and water conservation. |
| Key words: loess hilly region litter layer water capacity characteristics West Shanxi Province |
