| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究甘蓝双单倍体(DH)等不同基因纯合度的自交系所配杂种一代的性状差异，确立甘蓝杂交种田间整齐度的测定指标及评价标准，为甘蓝杂交种的品种审定和新品种质量检验提供科学依据。【方法】以甘蓝DD型(包括DH01×DH02、DH03×DH06、DH05×DH08 3个品种)、DS型(包括DH01×S01、DH03×S05、DH05×S09 3个品种)、SS型(包括S06×S01、S12×S05、S18×S09 3个品种)3种杂交类型的杂交品种为试材，在叶球生理成熟时，测定植株间株高、株幅、外叶宽、叶球周长、叶球横径、叶球纵径及单球质量等农艺性状值并计算变异系数，利用各性状的变异系数对不同类型杂交种的整齐度进行分析，并分析各性状变异系数的相关性，探讨甘蓝杂交种整齐度的划分标准。【结果】DD型、DS型、SS型3种杂交类型中，7个农艺性状变异系数在相同杂交类型品种间差异不显著,在不同杂交类型品种间差异极显著。DD型中3个品种的7个农艺性状变异系数均值分别为1.72，1.68和1.73，平均CV=1.71，整齐度高；DS型中3个品种各性状变异系数均值分别为3.71，3.63和3.74，平均CV=3.69，整齐度次之；SS型中3个品种各性状变异系数均值分别为5.73，5.73和5.87，平均CV=5.78，整齐度较低；田间目测结果与变异系数差异结果具有一致性。7个农艺性状变异系数间均呈极显著正相关，相关系数为0.974～0.997。【结论】甘蓝杂交种的双亲基因纯度不同，其配组杂种一代的整齐度不同，基因高度纯合的DH系与基因不同纯合度的亲本杂交配组，整齐度呈现DD型＞DS型＞SS型的变化规律；以7个性状中的几个或更多个性状的变异系数反映甘蓝杂交种的整齐度具有一致性；以性状变异系数为指标,将甘蓝杂种一代品种的田间整齐度划分为高度整齐（0≤CV<2.50）、整齐（2.50≤CV<5.50）、较整齐（5.50≤CV<9.0）和不整齐（CV≥9.0）4个级别。 |
| 关键词: 甘蓝 DH系 杂种一代 变异系数 整齐度 |
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| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-25-G-47）；“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD01A7-2-04）；陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目（2010K01-09-2）；陕西省教育厅科学研究项目（11JK0642） |
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| Study on main uniformity evaluation standard of F1 hybrid of cabbage |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was to evaluate new varieties and their quality inspection from cabbage DH and inbred lines through surveying the traits differences of hybrids obtained by different gene purity cabbages,and a new valuation standard was established.【Method】Using different types DD(Including DH01×DH02,DH03×DH06,DH05×DH08),DS(Including DH01×S01,DH03×S05,DH05×S09) and SS(Including S06×S01,S12×S05,S18×S09) of cabbage hybrid varieties,the traits of plant height,plant width,outer leaf width,ball circumference,ball diameter,ball longitudinal diameter and single-ball weight were measured when leafy head reached physiological maturity,and the uniformity of different hybrids was analyzed by calculating the coefficient of variation,and the criteria for the classification of uniformity of the cabbage hybrids was explored by analyzing the correlation of variation coefficient.【Result】In DD,DS and SS types,difference from coefficient of variation of seven agronomic traits within the same hybrid type was not significant,while it was significantly different among different hybrid types.The mean coefficient of variation was 1.72,1.68 and 1.73 for the DD type and high uniformity;3.71,3.63 and 3.74 for DS type and intermediate uniformity;5.73,5.73 and 5.87 for SS type and low uniformity.Visual results were consistent with the results of the coefficient of variation.Coefficient of variation between the seven agronomic traits were highly significantly positive with correlation coefficient between 0.974 to 0.997.【Conclusion】The cabbage F1 hybrid uniformity was different if the parents genetic purity were different;The uniformity result showed DD＞DS＞SS type when the DH lines hybrid to parents with gene were highly homozygous and different homozygous.It is consistent when reflecting the uniformity of cabbage hybrids by using the coefficient of variation of a few or more traits.The uniformity of F1 hybrids of cabbage was divided into four grades：high neat(0≤CV＜2.50), middle neat(2.50≤CV＜5.50), low neat(5.50≤CV＜9.0),not neat(CV≥9.0). |
| Key words: Brassica oleracea L. DH lines hybrids coefficient of variation uniformity |
