| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究水稻功能叶性状的遗传效应、遗传率和遗传相关性，加深理解水稻功能叶性状的遗传体系。【方法】以绵恢725、成恢047、R150、泰引1号、辐恢838、蜀恢527、R7582、明恢63等重要恢复系和粤泰A、Y58S、双8S、中9A、广占63S等重要不育系及由其配制成的29个F1杂交组合为材料，采用加性-显性遗传模型（AD模型）和统计分析方法，研究水稻功能叶（剑叶、倒2叶）性状（长度、宽度和叶面积）的遗传效应、遗传率和遗传相关性。【结果】水稻功能叶性状同时受加性效应和显性效应的控制，剑叶长、剑叶宽、剑叶面积、倒2叶宽和倒2叶面积性状以加性效应控制为主，倒2叶长则以显性效应控制为主。狭义遗传率以倒2叶宽最高，倒2叶面积次之。不育系中，中9A和双8S能增大剑叶面积和剑叶长，且能减小剑叶宽；恢复系中，绵恢725、R7582、成恢047和R150能增大剑叶面积。剑叶长和宽与其他功能叶存在密切的遗传相关性，可通过增加剑叶长和宽达到增大倒2叶长、宽和剑叶面积的目的。【结论】在水稻功能叶育种实践中，应根据功能叶遗传方式的不同采用不同的选育方法。剑叶长、剑叶宽、倒2叶宽、剑叶面积和倒2叶面积可在常规聚合育种上通过世代综合选择，使加性效应得以稳定遗传；倒2叶长在杂种优势利用上有较大潜力。倒2叶宽和倒2叶面积在早期世代中进行选择效果较好；倒2叶长则以高代选择比较适宜。 |
| 关键词: 功能叶 水稻 遗传效应 遗传相关 遗传率 |
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| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-01-83）；陕西省科技厅农业科技创新项目(NKC01-01)；国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD81B00） |
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| Study on genetic effects of functional leaves of several important restorer lines and sterile lines in rice |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Study was conducted on genetic effects,heritability and genetic correlation of functional leaves in rice to deepen the understanding of the genetic system of functional leaves in rice.【Method】Genetic effects,heritability and genetic correlation of functional leaves were conducted by using additive-dominant genetic model （AD model） and its statistical method with several important restorer lines (Mianhui 725,Chenghui 047,R150,Taiyin 1 hao,Fuhui 838,Shuhui 527,R7582,Minghui 63) and sterile lines(Yuetai A,Y58S,Shuang 8S,Zhong 9A,Guangzhan 63S) in this article.【Result】The result showed that characteristics of functional leaves in rice were controlled by both additive and dominant effects,among which length,width and area of flag leaf,width and area of the 2nd top leaf were mainly controlled by additive effects.The dominant effects prevailed in the length of the 2nd top leaf.As for narrow heritabilities,the dominant effect of width of the 2nd top leaf was the highest,the area of the 2nd top leaf was the next.As for sterile lines,Zhong 9A and Shuang 8S can increase the area and length of flag leaf,while reduce its width.Mianhui 725,R7582,Chenghui 047 and R150 (restorer lines)can increase the flag leaf.Because genetic correlation between flag leaf length,flag leaf width and other functional leaves is quite close,it is able to increase both the width and length of the 2nd top leaf through increasing length and width of flag leaf.【Conclusion】In breeding of functional leaves in rice practice,different methods should be adopted on the basis of different inheritance of functional leaves.As for length,width and area of flag leaf,width and area of the 2nd top leaf,additive effects can be stably inherited through adopted complexive selection of generation in conventional pyramiding breeding.It is a greater potential for length of the 2nd top leaf on the utilization of heterosis.As for width and area of the 2nd top leaf,the result of the selection is better in early generation.The selection of length of the 2nd top leaf is more appropriate in advanced generation. |
| Key words: functional leaves rice genetic effects genetic correlation heritability |
