| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究外置式秸秆反应堆在日光温室越冬茬番茄的生产过程中，对日光温室环境因子及番茄光合特性的影响。【方法】以无CO2发生装置的日光温室为对照温室，以利用外置式秸秆反应堆补充CO2的日光温室为处理温室，观测在番茄不同生育阶段（苗期、结果期、转色期）温室内CO2含量、气温、空气相对湿度等环境因子的日变化以及对番茄净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用率和产量的影响。【结果】日光温室内CO2含量的日变化曲线呈不规则的“N”形，空气湿度昼夜变化曲线呈“V”形。与对照温室相比，在番茄不同生育期，处理温室10:00-11:30 CO2含量提高了230 μL/L，13:30-16:00提高了84～150 μL/L；夜间平均气温提高了1.5～2.0 ℃，空气相对湿度平均提高了4%～5%；并可显著提高不同生育阶段番茄的净光合速率和水分利用率；极显著降低苗期蒸腾速率，显著提高结果期和转色期番茄的蒸腾速率，产量和经济效益分别提高13 707 kg/hm2和59 310元/hm2。【结论】外置式秸秆反应堆能有效改善越冬茬番茄栽培过程中日光温室内的环境条件，缓解晴天日光温室内CO2的亏缺，增加番茄的净光合速率和水分利用率，最终提高产量和经济效益。 |
| 关键词: 日光温室 番茄 外置式秸秆反应堆 CO2含量 光合速率 蒸腾速率 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑项目（2011BAD12B03）；陕西省科技攻关项目（2011K01-19） |
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| Effects of outer type straw reactor on solar greenhouse environment and tomato photosynthetic performance |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research studied the effects of the outer type straw reactor on environment factors and tomato photosynthetic performance.【Method】This research utilized outer type straw reactor to supply solar greenhouse with CO2 to observe environmental factors such as the changes of day and night CO2 content,average temperature,relative humidity and the effects on photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,water use efficiency during tomato different growth stages (seedling stage,the bearing period,turn color stage) and tomato yield in solar greenhouse.【Result】The daily change of CO2 content showed an irregular “N” shape and air relative humidity showed an irregular “V” shape.Compared with CK,the average CO2 content increased by 230 μL/L between 10:00 and 11:30 and increased by 84 to 100 μL/L between 13:30 and 16:00;day and night average temperature increased about 1.5 to 2.0 ℃ and the average relative humidity increased by 4% to 5%;the net photosynthetic rate,water use efficiency,the transpiration rate of color turning period and fruit bearing period increased significantly,transpiration rate at seedling stage also reduced significantly.Yield and economic benefits improved by 13 707 kg/hm2 and 59 310 yuan/hm2.【Conclusion】The outer type straw reactors can effectively improve greenhouse environment conditions,alleviate solar greenhouse CO2 deficit on typical sunny day,and increase tomato water use efficiency,production and economic benefits. |
| Key words: solar greenhouse tomato outer type straw reactor CO2 content photosynthetic rate transpiration rate |
