| 摘要: |
| 【目的】阐明栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)伐桩萌苗邻体竞争及环境因子对其表型特征的影响，探究伐桩萌苗的合理疏伐强度。【方法】以秦岭南坡栓皮栎伐桩萌苗为研究对象，采用修正的大树断面积法建立了伐桩萌苗邻体竞争指数模型，并研究了竞争强度对其表型特征变异的影响，对主要形态指标与竞争强度的关系进行回归分析，对伐桩及其萌苗特征进行主成分分析（PCA），对环境因子与萌苗生长进行相关分析，运用曲线求导方法研究该地区栓皮栎伐桩萌苗合理的疏伐强度。【结果】不同竞争强度下，最大萌苗基径和长度、冠幅面积、总叶片数、侧枝数、平均侧枝长度、总基面积等形态差异明显(P<0.05)，萌苗总生物量、侧枝总生物量、叶片总生物量等均随竞争强度的增强而增加；中等竞争强度更有利于当年生萌苗生长；最大萌苗基径和长度、冠幅面积、总基面积、总萌苗数、总叶片数等6项主要形态指标与竞争强度呈幂函数(y=a·xb)关系(P<0.01)；主成分分析结果表明，光合器官数量和空间分布对伐桩萌苗更新起主导作用，其次是水和矿质营养的吸收运输能力；相关分析结果表明，光照强度对萌苗生长促进作用明显(P<0.01)，而土壤速效氮、速效钾含量的作用较小。【结论】该地区每个伐桩保留萌苗7～9个，能够实现对光、水和矿质营养的最优利用。光照是萌苗更新的决定因子，维持中等或较低的竞争强度，保持一定的萌苗数量，能够充分利用光能，有利于伐桩萌苗生长，缩短更新时间。 |
| 关键词: 栓皮栎 表型特征 邻体竞争 伐桩萌苗 疏伐强度 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（30740059）；国家林业局国家级林业科学技术推广项目（(2009)28）；林业公益性行业科研专项（201004011） |
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| Effects of neighborhood interference and environmental factors on the morphological character of stump sprouts of Quercus variabilis |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The research was to determine the effect of the different levels of neighborhood interference on the morphological characters of stump sprouts,to find the relationship between environmental factors and growth of sprouts,and to suggest the thinning intensity for forest management.【Method】The 72 clumps of stump of Quercus variabilis on the southern slope of Qinling Mountain were conducted in November 2007 and the characters of stump sprouts and environmental factors were investigated in September 2009.The competition index by BAL/BA method was established and the curve estimation between sprout morphological characters and competition index was analyzed.The PCA of the characters of stump sprout and correlation analysis between the growth of stump sprouts and environmental factors was analyzed.The thinning intensity of stump sprouts was studied by the derivation of curve.【Result】The BAL/BA method with the ration of basal area of trees larger than the subject tree to the total base area of sprouts was used to represent the level of neighborhood interference.The base diameter and length of the dominate sprout,crown area,amount of leaves,amount of lateral branch,average length and base area were significantly different under the different neighborhood interferences(P<0.05).The biomass of sprout,with lateral branch and the leaves were increased by the increased level of neighborhood interference.The current-year sprouts grew better under the middle neighborhood interference than other interferences.The power function y=a·xb represented the relationship between the morphological character and competition index (P<0.01).The ability of photosynthesis contributed more significantly to the regeneration of stump sprouts than the ability of water and mineral intake and transport.The light intensity contributed more to the growth of sprouts than other environmental factors (P<0.01).The mineral nutrition in soil took the slight function to the regeneration of stump sprouts.【Conclusion】7-9 sprouts per stump was remained to keep the optimal utilization of the resources.It is suggested that the advisable amount of sprout and middle neighborhood interference can promote the growth of sprout and shorten the regeneration time. |
| Key words: Quercus variabilis morphology characters neighborhood interference stump sprout thinning intensity |
