| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析陕西省丹汉江流域土壤侵蚀的经济损失，为水土流失状况评价提供参考。【方法】利用环境经济学的原理，采用市场价值法、机会成本法和影子工程法等，结合最新调查数据，对陕西省丹汉江流域土壤侵蚀造成的经济损失进行估算。【结果】陕西省丹汉江流域每年土壤侵蚀经济损失为112.884亿元。土壤养分流失损失、土壤水分流失损失、土地废弃损失和泥沙滞留、淤积损失分别占96.028%，0.589%，1.528%和1.855%。单位水土流失面积的土壤侵蚀经济损失为42.97万元/km2。各市单位水土流失面积的土壤侵蚀经济损失大小依次为安康市＞商洛市＞汉中市＞宝鸡市＞西安市。强度损失的县（区）主要集中在2个区域，即汉江源头的宁强县、略阳县和汉江中游的安康市大部及丹江上游的镇安县、山阳县。【结论】单位水土流失面积的土壤侵蚀经济损失与土壤侵蚀模数之间具有显著相关性，可以作为评价水土流失状况的一个直观、重要的指标。 |
| 关键词: 丹汉江流域 土壤侵蚀 经济损失 土壤侵蚀模数 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（40971161）；陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目（09JS094）；教育部博士点基金项目（20096118110006) |
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| Economic loss analysis of soil erosion in Dan Han River watershed of Shaanxi Province |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The economic loss of soil erosion in Dan-Han River watershed of Shaanxi Province was analyzed to provide reference to evaluate soil erosion and water loss condition.【Method】Environmental-economics principle,market value method,opportunity cost method,shadow engineering method and the latest investigation data were used to estimate the economic losses of soil erosion in Dan-Han River watershed of Shaanxi Province.【Result】The annual economic loss of soil erosion in Dan-Han River watershed of Shaanxi Province was 11 288.4 million yuan.The loss of soil nutrient,soil water,abandoned land,sediment entrapment and siltation accounted for 96.028%,0.589%,1.528%,1.855%,respectively.The economic loss of soil erosion per unit area of soil erosion and water loss was 42.97×104 yuan/km2.The order of every city’s economic loss of soil erosion per unit area of soil erosion and water loss was:Ankang＞Shangluo＞Hanzhong＞Baoji＞Xi’an.The counties which suffered most serious losses were concentrated in two districts:Ningqiang and Lueyang which are in the source of Han River,most parts of Ankang in the middle stream of Han River and Zhen’an and Shanyang in the upper stream of Dan River.【Conclusion】The economic loss of soil erosion per unit area of soil erosion and water loss was notably related to soil erosion modulus,which can be used as an intuitive and important index to evaluate soil erosion and water loss condition. |
| Key words: Dan Han River watershed soil erosion economic loss soil erosion modulus |
