| 摘要: |
| 【目的】深入了解滇东南水牛（Bubalus bubalis）的遗传多样性及其在水牛中的系统地位。【方法】以29头滇东南水牛血样为材料，通过PCR扩增直接测序，测定了29条滇东南水牛个体的线粒体DNA D-loop（mtDNA D-loop）全序列，并引用GenBank公布的埃及、印度、地中海、巴西及中国水牛mtDNA D-loop序列，构建各单倍型间的聚类树。【结果】滇东南水牛mtDNA D-loop全序列长度为910～917 bp，结合GenBank中公布的5条来自云南省马关县的滇东南水牛序列，界定滇东南水牛mtDNA D-loop有单倍型20种，单倍型多态度、核苷酸多态度和核苷酸差异数分别为0.877±0.053，0.011±0.005和9.865±21.419，错配分布分析表明，滇东南水牛保持着较为平稳的群体水平，揭示滇东南水牛现生群体的遗传多样性较为丰富。聚类结果显示，滇东南水牛所有个体都聚在沼泽型水牛支系，与印度、埃及、地中海等江河型水牛支系截然分列于2大独立的支系；滇东南水牛又分为支系A（SW-A）和支系B（SW-B），与其他中国水牛品种的表现一致。【结论】滇东南水牛群体规模平稳，且群体未曾受到印度水牛基因的渐渗，完全属于沼泽型水牛，支持滇东南水牛起源于中国或东南亚的假说。 |
| 关键词: 滇东南水牛 mtDNA D-loop 遗传多样性 系统地位 沼泽型水牛 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:云南省应用基础研究计划面上项目(2007C130M，2006C0034M)；农业部公益性行业专项（NYHYZX07-035）；教育部长江学者与创新团队发展计划专项“肉牛、奶牛遗传改良与种质创新团队” |
|
| Genetic diversity and phylogenetic status of mitochondrial DNA control region in Diandongnan buffalo |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The aim of this study is to shed light on the genetic diversity and phylogenetic status of Diandongnan buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).【Method】Through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence,29 mtDNA D-loops were sequenced.A NJ tree was constructed by gathering the mtDNA D-loop sequences involving in Egyptian,Indian,Mediterranean,Brazilian,and Chinese buffalo breeds.【Result】The lengths of mtDNA D-loops ranged from 910-917 bp.Combined with five mtDNA D-loops of Diandongnan buffalo from GenBank,20 haplotypes were defined showing that haplotype diversity,nucleotide diversity and average number of nucleotide differences were 0.877±0.053,0.011±0.005 and 9.865±21.419,respectively.Mismatch distribution analysis showed that extant Diandongnan buffalo population lasts a stable population with abundant diversity.The NJ tree revealed two distinct clades (swamp-type and river-type clades),and all the Diandongnan buffalo clustered together with swamp-type clade and split from river-type buffalo including Indian,Egyptian and Mediterranean buffalo.Diandongnan buffalo further split two sub-clades,SW-A and SW-B in accordance with the cases of other Chinese buffalo breeds.【Conclusion】Diandongnan buffalo keep a stable population size and no Indian river-type mitochondrial haplotypes were found in Diandongnan buffalo indicating that Diandongnan buffalo hadn’t yet been undergone gene introgression from Indian buffalo and Diandongnan buffalo belongs to pure swamp-type without Indian river-type haplotypes supporting the hypothesis of China or Southeast Asian origin. |
| Key words: Diandongnan buffalo mtDNA D-loop genetic diversity phylogenetic status swamp-type buffalo |
